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Related papers: Real-Time Lightweight Gaze Privacy-Preservation Te…

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Eye-tracking technology is being increasingly integrated into mixed reality devices. Although critical applications are being enabled, there are significant possibilities for violating user privacy expectations. We show that there is an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Brendan David-John , Diane Hosfelt , Kevin Butler , Eakta Jain

Eye tracking is routinely being incorporated into virtual reality (VR) systems. Prior research has shown that eye tracking data, if exposed, can be used for re-identification attacks. The state of our knowledge about currently existing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Ethan Wilson , Azim Ibragimov , Michael J. Proulx , Sai Deep Tetali , Kevin Butler , Eakta Jain

The recent success of deep learning (DL) has enabled the generation of high-quality synthetic gaze data. However, such data also raises privacy concerns because gaze sequences can encode subjects' internal states, like fatigue, emotional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Kamrul Hasan , Oleg V. Komogortsev

Eye tracking is handled as one of the key technologies for applications that assess and evaluate human attention, behavior, and biometrics, especially using gaze, pupillary, and blink behaviors. One of the challenges with regard to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Efe Bozkir , Ali Burak Ünal , Mete Akgün , Enkelejda Kasneci , Nico Pfeifer

Latest gaze estimation methods require large-scale training data but their collection and exchange pose significant privacy risks. We propose PrivatEyes - the first privacy-enhancing training approach for appearance-based gaze estimation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Mayar Elfares , Pascal Reisert , Zhiming Hu , Wenwu Tang , Ralf Küsters , Andreas Bulling

We present a privacy-enhancing mechanism for gaze signals using a latent-noise autoencoder that prevents users from being re-identified across play sessions without their consent, while retaining the usability of the data for benign tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Samantha Aziz , Oleg Komogortsev

Eye gaze contains rich information about human attention and cognitive processes. This capability makes the underlying technology, known as gaze tracking, a critical enabler for many ubiquitous applications and has triggered the development…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Lingyu Du , Jinyuan Jia , Xucong Zhang , Guohao Lan

Appearance-based gaze estimation methods that only require an off-the-shelf camera have significantly improved but they are still not yet widely used in the human-computer interaction (HCI) community. This is partly because it remains…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Xucong Zhang , Yusuke Sugano , Andreas Bulling

We present a real-time gaze-based interaction simulation methodology using an offline dataset to evaluate the eye-tracking signal quality. This study employs three fundamental eye-movement classification algorithms to identify physiological…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mehedi Hasan Raju , Samantha Aziz , Michael J. Proulx , Oleg V. Komogortsev

As extended reality (XR) systems become increasingly immersive and sensor-rich, they enable the collection of behavioral signals such as eye and body telemetry. These signals support personalized and responsive experiences and may also…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Azim Ibragimov , Ethan Wilson , Kevin R. B. Butler , Eakta Jain

With eye tracking being increasingly integrated into virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) head-mounted displays, preserving users' privacy is an ever more important, yet under-explored, topic in the eye tracking community. We report a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Julian Steil , Inken Hagestedt , Michael Xuelin Huang , Andreas Bulling

Gaze and face tracking algorithms have traditionally battled a compromise between computational complexity and accuracy; the most accurate neural net algorithms cannot be implemented in real time, but less complex real-time algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-21 George He , Sami Oueida , Tucker Ward

Air pollution has become a global concern for many years. Vehicular crowdsensing systems make it possible to monitor air quality at a fine granularity. To better utilize the sensory data with varying credibility, truth discovery frameworks…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Rui Liu , Jianping Pan

Recent developments in hardware, computer graphics, and AI may soon enable AR/VR head-mounted displays (HMDs) to become everyday devices like smartphones and tablets. Eye trackers within HMDs provide a special opportunity for such setups as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Mengdi Wang , Efe Bozkir , Enkelejda Kasneci

Gaze-based applications are increasingly advancing with the availability of large datasets but ensuring data quality presents a substantial challenge when collecting data at scale. It further requires different parties to collaborate,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Mayar Elfares , Pascal Reisert , Ralf Küsters , Andreas Bulling

This study presents a novel framework for 3D gaze tracking tailored for mixed-reality settings, aimed at enhancing joint attention and collaborative efforts in team-based scenarios. Conventional gaze tracking, often limited by monocular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Eduardo Davalos , Yike Zhang , Ashwin T. S. , Joyce H. Fonteles , Umesh Timalsina , Guatam Biswas

The modern surge in camera usage alongside widespread computer vision technology applications poses significant privacy and security concerns. Current artificial intelligence (AI) technologies aid in recognizing relevant events and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jhon Lopez , Carlos Hinojosa , Henry Arguello , Bernard Ghanem

State-of-the-art appearance-based gaze estimation methods, usually based on deep learning techniques, mainly rely on static features. However, temporal trace of eye gaze contains useful information for estimating a given gaze point. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Cristina Palmero , Oleg V. Komogortsev , Sachin S. Talathi

In this study, we investigated gaze-based interaction methods within a virtual reality game with a visual search task with 52 participants. We compared four different interaction techniques: Selection by dwell time or confirmation of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Björn Rene Severitt , Yannick Sauer , Alexander Neugebauer , Rajat Agarwala , Nora Castner , Siegfried Wahl

We present a real-time gaze tracking system that directly acquires task-relevant latent features using a fully passive optical encoder. Instead of forming and processing full-resolution images, our approach leverages a microlens array with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yidan Zheng , Matheus Souza , Kaizhang Kang , Qiang Fu , Hadi Amata , Wolfgang Heidrich
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