English
Related papers

Related papers: Generalization Can Emerge in Tabular Foundation Mo…

200 papers

The increasing realism and accessibility of deepfakes have raised critical concerns about media authenticity and information integrity. Despite recent advances, deepfake detection models often struggle to generalize beyond their training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Stelios Mylonas , Symeon Papadopoulos

This paper reviews concepts, modeling approaches, and recent findings along a spectrum of different levels of abstraction of neural network models including generalization across (1) Samples, (2) Distributions, (3) Domains, (4) Tasks, (5)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Chris Rohlfs

Many organizations rely on data from government and third-party sources, and those sources rarely follow the same data formatting. This introduces challenges in integrating data from multiple sources or aligning external sources with…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Arash Dargahi Nobari , Davood Rafiei

Realistic synthetic tabular data generation encounters significant challenges in preserving privacy, especially when dealing with sensitive information in domains like finance and healthcare. In this paper, we introduce \textit{Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Timur Sattarov , Marco Schreyer , Damian Borth

Deep neural networks are data hungry models and thus face difficulties when attempting to train on small text datasets. Transfer learning is a potential solution but their effectiveness in the text domain is not as explored as in areas such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Yaser Keneshloo , Naren Ramakrishnan , Chandan K. Reddy

Graph foundation models face several fundamental challenges including transferability across datasets and data scarcity, which calls into question the very feasibility of graph foundation models. However, despite similar challenges, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Dmitry Eremeev , Oleg Platonov , Gleb Bazhenov , Artem Babenko , Liudmila Prokhorenkova

Generalization in generative modeling is defined as the ability to learn an underlying distribution from a finite dataset and produce novel samples, with evaluation largely driven by held-out performance and perceived sample quality. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jerome Garnier-Brun , Luca Biggio , Davide Beltrame , Marc Mézard , Luca Saglietti

Transformers have the capacity to act as supervised learning algorithms: by properly encoding a set of labeled training ("in-context") examples and an unlabeled test example into an input sequence of vectors of the same dimension, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Spencer Frei , Gal Vardi

The ability of deep learning models to generalize well across different scenarios depends primarily on the quality and quantity of annotated data. Labeling large amounts of data for all possible scenarios that a model may encounter would…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Qadeer Khan , Patrick Wenzel , Daniel Cremers , Laura Leal-Taixé

In this work, we study TabPFN as a training-free, modular summary network for simulation-based Bayesian inference (SBI). Tabular foundation models such as TabPFN are pretrained on broad families of synthetic tabular data-generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Elliot Pickens , Chiraag Gohel , Sidharth Satya

While tabular classification has traditionally relied on from-scratch training, a recent breakthrough called prior-data fitted networks (PFNs) challenges this approach. Similar to large language models, PFNs make use of pretraining and…

One of the goals of causal inference is to generalize from past experiments and observational data to novel conditions. While it is in principle possible to eventually learn a mapping from a novel experimental condition to an outcome of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-10 Gecia Bravo-Hermsdorff , David S. Watson , Jialin Yu , Jakob Zeitler , Ricardo Silva

In this paper, we study how the granularity of pretraining labels affects the generalization of deep neural networks in image classification tasks. We focus on the "fine-to-coarse" transfer learning setting, where the pretraining label…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Guan Zhe Hong , Yin Cui , Ariel Fuxman , Stanley H. Chan , Enming Luo

Generalization is the ability of machine learning models to make accurate predictions on new data by learning from training data. However, understanding generalization of quantum machine learning models has been a major challenge. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-07 Tobias Haug , M. S. Kim

Self-supervised learning on tabular data seeks to apply advances from natural language and image domains to the diverse domain of tables. However, current techniques often struggle with integrating multi-domain data and require data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Marco Spinaci , Marek Polewczyk , Johannes Hoffart , Markus C. Kohler , Sam Thelin , Tassilo Klein

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is widely used for task-specific adaptation, yet recent work shows it systematically undermines reasoning generalization. We argue the root cause is not memorization itself, but its target: vanilla SFT drives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruiying Peng , Mengyu Yang , Jing Lei , Xiaohui Li , Xueyu Wu , Xinlei Chen

TabPFN [Hollmann et al., 2023], a Transformer model pretrained to perform in-context learning on fresh tabular classification problems, was presented at the last ICLR conference. To better understand its behavior, we treat it as a black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Calvin McCarter

That shared features between train and test data are required for generalisation in artificial neural networks has been a common assumption of both proponents and critics of these models. Here, we show that convolutional architectures avoid…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Jeff Mitchell , Jeffrey S. Bowers

The Earth's weather system encompasses intricate weather data modalities and diverse weather understanding tasks, which hold significant value to human life. Existing data-driven models focus on single weather understanding tasks (e.g.,…

Pretrained language models have become the standard approach for many NLP tasks due to strong performance, but they are very expensive to train. We propose a simple and efficient learning framework, TLM, that does not rely on large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Xingcheng Yao , Yanan Zheng , Xiaocong Yang , Zhilin Yang