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Machine learning has been adapted to help solve NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems. One prevalent way is learning to construct solutions by deep neural networks, which has been receiving more and more attention due to the high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Chengrui Gao , Haopu Shang , Ke Xue , Dong Li , Chao Qian

Unlike traditional homogeneous routing problems, the Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem (HFVRP) involves heterogeneous fixed costs, variable travel costs, and capacity constraints, rendering solution quality highly sensitive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shihong Huang , Shengjie Wang , Lei Gao , Hong Ma , Zhanluo Zhang , Feng Zhang , Weihua Zhou

Combinatorial optimization problems have attracted much interest in the quantum computing community in the recent years as a potential testbed to showcase quantum advantage. In this paper, we show how to exploit multilevel carriers of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-03 M. Garcia de Andoin , A. Bottarelli , S. Schmitt , I. Oregi , P. Hauke , M. Sanz

This paper proposes an Acceleration and Load-Dependent Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (ALD-EVRP), to optimize the energy consumption (EC) while capturing the effects of changing traffic conditions between peak and off-peak periods. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Tingting Su , Xinyue Zhang , Jingyi Zhao

Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is an NP-hard optimization problem that has been an interest of research for decades in science and industry. The objective is to plan routes of vehicles to deliver a fixed number of customers with optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-14 Nishikanta Mohanty , Bikash K. Behera

Local search plays a central role in many effective heuristic algorithms for the vehicle routing problem (VRP) and its variants. However, neighborhood exploration is known to be computationally expensive and time consuming, especially for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhenyu Lei , Jin-Kao Hao , Qinghua Wu

Logistics has gained great attentions with the prosperous development of commerce, which is often seen as the classic optimal vehicle routing problem. Meanwhile, electric vehicle (EV) has been widely used in logistic fleet to curb the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-14 Canqi Yao , Shibo Chen , Zaiyue Yang

Electric vehicle (EV) supply equipment location and allocation (EVSELCA) problems for freight vehicles are becoming more important because of the trending electrification shift. Some previous works address EV charger location and vehicle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-15 Amir Davatgari , Taner Cokyasar , Anirudh Subramanyam , Jeffrey Larson , Abolfazl Mohammadian

With growing environmental concerns, electric vehicles for logistics have gained significant attention within the computational intelligence community in recent years. This work addresses an emerging and significant extension of the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zubin Zheng , Shengcai Liu , Yew-Soon Ong

Variable neighborhood search (VNS) is a metaheuristic for solving optimization problems based on a simple principle: systematic changes of neighborhoods within the search, both in the descent to local minima and in the escape from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-09-16 Martin Josef Geiger , Marc Sevaux , Stefan Voss

We study the problem of eco-routing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) to minimize the overall energy consumption costs. Unlike the traditional Charge Depleting First (CDF) approaches in the literature where the power-train control…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-04 Arian Houshmand , Christos G. Cassandras

We present a novel framework that combines machine learning with mixed-integer optimization to solve the Capacitated Location-Routing Problem (CLRP). The CLRP is a classical NP-hard problem that integrates strategic facility location with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Waquar Kaleem , Doyoung Lee , Changhyun Kwon , Anirudh Subramanyam

In this paper, we introduce a close-enough multi-UAV general routing problem (CEMUAVGRP) where a fleet of homogeneous UAVs conduct monitoring tasks containing nodes, each of which has its disk neighborhood, and edges, aiming to minimize the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-19 Huan Liu , Michel Gendreau , Binjie Xu , Guohua Wu , Yi Gu

The use of electric vehicles (EV) in the last mile is appealing from both sustainability and operational cost perspectives. In addition to the inherent cost efficiency of EVs, selling energy back to the grid during peak grid demand, is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Ajay Narayanan , Prasant Misra , Ankush Ojha , Vivek Bandhu , Supratim Ghosh , Arunchandar Vasan

The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Station-based or Route-based Charging Options addresses fleet optimization incorporating both conventional charging stations and continuous wireless charging infrastructure. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Tran Trung Duc , Vu Duc Minh , Nguyen Ngoc Doanh , Pham Gia Nguyen , Laurent El Ghaoui , Ha Minh Hoang

This article presents the problem of locating electric vehicle (EV) charging stations in a city by defining the Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Locations (EV-CSL) problem. The idea is to minimize the distance the citizens have to travel…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Christian Cintrano , Jamal Toutouh , Enrique Alba

With the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), navigating for EV drivers to select a cost-effective charging station has become an important yet challenging issue due to dynamic traffic conditions, fluctuating electricity prices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Tianyang Qi , Shibo Chen , Jun Zhang

In the classic Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) a fleet of of vehicles has to visit a set of customers while minimising the operations' costs. We study a rich variant of the VRP featuring split deliveries, an heterogeneous fleet, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-07 Arthur Mahéo , Tommaso Urli , Philip Kilby

The green vehicle routing problem with private capacitated alternative fuel stations (GrVRP-PCAFS) extends the traditional green vehicle routing problem by considering capacitated refueling stations, where a limited number of vehicles can…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Rui Xu , Xing Fan , Shengcai Liu , Wenjie Chen , Ke Tang

Bin Packing with Conflicts (BPC) are problems in which items with compatibility constraints must be packed in the least number of bins, not exceeding the capacity of the bins and ensuring that non-conflicting items are packed in each bin.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Luiz F. O. Moura Santos , Hugo T. Y. Yoshizaki , Claudio B. Cunha
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