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Multimodal Small-to-Medium sized Language Models (MSLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in integrating visual and textual information but still face significant limitations in visual comprehension and mathematical reasoning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ashutosh Bajpai , Akshat Bhandari , Akshay Nambi , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Accurate shape reconstruction of transparent objects is a challenging task due to their non-Lambertian surfaces and yet necessary for robots for accurate pose perception and safe manipulation. As vision-based sensing can produce erroneous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Prajval Kumar Murali , Bernd Porr , Mohsen Kaboli

We introduce PhysicalAgent, an agentic framework for robotic manipulation that integrates iterative reasoning, diffusion-based video generation, and closed-loop execution. Given a textual instruction, our method generates short video…

Many language-guided robotic systems rely on collapsing spatial reasoning into discrete points, making them brittle to perceptual noise and semantic ambiguity. To address this challenge, we propose RoboMAP, a framework that represents…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xinyu Shao , Yanzhe Tang , Pengwei Xie , Kaiwen Zhou , Yuzheng Zhuang , Xingyue Quan , Jianye Hao , Long Zeng , Xiu Li

Recent advances in robot imitation learning have yielded powerful visuomotor policies capable of manipulating a wide variety of objects directly from monocular visual inputs. However, monocular observations inherently lack reliable depth…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Evans Han , Yunfan Jiang , Yingke Wang , Haoyue Xiao , Huang Huang , Jianwen Xie , Jiajun Wu , Li Fei-Fei , Ruohan Zhang

Effective interaction modeling and behavior prediction of dynamic agents play a significant role in interactive motion planning for autonomous robots. Although existing methods have improved prediction accuracy, few research efforts have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Victoria M. Dax , Jiachen Li , Enna Sachdeva , Nakul Agarwal , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Natural language provides an accessible and expressive interface to specify long-term tasks for robotic agents. However, non-experts are likely to specify such tasks with high-level instructions, which abstract over specific robot actions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Valts Blukis , Chris Paxton , Dieter Fox , Animesh Garg , Yoav Artzi

Service robots should be able to interact naturally with non-expert human users, not only to help them in various tasks but also to receive guidance in order to resolve ambiguities that might be present in the instruction. We consider the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Georgios Tziafas , Hamidreza Kasaei

In this paper, we claim that spatial understanding is the keypoint in robot manipulation, and propose SpatialVLA to explore effective spatial representations for the robot foundation model. Specifically, we introduce Ego3D Position Encoding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Delin Qu , Haoming Song , Qizhi Chen , Yuanqi Yao , Xinyi Ye , Yan Ding , Zhigang Wang , JiaYuan Gu , Bin Zhao , Dong Wang , Xuelong Li

Transformers have revolutionized vision and natural language processing with their ability to scale with large datasets. But in robotic manipulation, data is both limited and expensive. Can manipulation still benefit from Transformers with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Mohit Shridhar , Lucas Manuelli , Dieter Fox

The ability to communicate intention enables decentralized multi-agent robots to collaborate while performing physical tasks. In this work, we present spatial intention maps, a new intention representation for multi-agent vision-based deep…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Jimmy Wu , Xingyuan Sun , Andy Zeng , Shuran Song , Szymon Rusinkiewicz , Thomas Funkhouser

Despite the remarkable success of large-scale pre-trained image representation models (i.e., vision encoders) across various vision tasks, they are predominantly trained on 2D image data and therefore often fail to capture 3D spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Byungwoo Jeon , Dongyoung Kim , Huiwon Jang , Insoo Kim , Jinwoo Shin

Many autonomous robotic applications require object-level understanding when deployed. Actively reconstructing objects of interest, i.e. objects with specific semantic meanings, is therefore relevant for a robot to perform downstream tasks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Liren Jin , Haofei Kuang , Yue Pan , Cyrill Stachniss , Marija Popović

Robots operating in open, unstructured real-world environments must rely on onboard visual perception while autonomously moving across different locations. Continuous changes in onboard camera viewpoints cause significant visual scale…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Xianbo Cai , Hideyuki Ichiwara , Hyogo Hiruma , Masaki Yoshikawa , Hiroshi Ito , Tetsuya Ogata

Building a general robotic manipulation system capable of performing a wide variety of tasks in real-world settings is a challenging task. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in robotic manipulation tasks,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yiteng Chen , Wenbo Li , Shiyi Wang , Huiping Zhuang , Qingyao Wu

Existing RGB-based imitation learning approaches typically employ traditional vision encoders such as ResNet or ViT, which lack explicit 3D reasoning capabilities. Recent geometry-grounded vision models, such as VGGT~\cite{wang2025vggt},…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 An Dinh Vuong , Minh Nhat Vu , Ian Reid

Spatial tracing, as a fundamental embodied interaction ability for robots, is inherently challenging as it requires multi-step metric-grounded reasoning compounded with complex spatial referring and real-world metric measurement. However,…

Dynamic objects have a significant impact on the robot's perception of the environment which degrades the performance of essential tasks such as localization and mapping. In this work, we address this problem by synthesizing plausible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Borna Bešić , Abhinav Valada

Advancements in neural implicit representations and differentiable rendering have markedly improved the ability to learn animatable 3D avatars from sparse multi-view RGB videos. However, current methods that map observation space to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Zichen Tang , Hongyu Yang , Hanchen Zhang , Jiaxin Chen , Di Huang

How can we imbue robots with the ability to manipulate objects precisely but also to reason about them in terms of abstract concepts? Recent works in manipulation have shown that end-to-end networks can learn dexterous skills that require…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Mohit Shridhar , Lucas Manuelli , Dieter Fox