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The real-life data have a complex and non-linear structure due to their nature. These non-linearities and the large number of features can usually cause problems such as the empty-space phenomenon and the well-known curse of dimensionality.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Kadir Özçoban , Murat Manguoğlu , Emrullah Fatih Yetkin

The vast majority of Dimensionality Reduction (DR) techniques rely on second-order statistics to define their optimization objective. Even though this provides adequate results in most cases, it comes with several shortcomings. The methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Nikolaos Passalis , Anastasios Tefas

Real-world data usually have high dimensionality and it is important to mitigate the curse of dimensionality. High-dimensional data are usually in a coherent structure and make the data in relatively small true degrees of freedom. There are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Xiang Wang , Xiaoyong Li , Junxing Zhu , Zichen Xu , Kaijun Ren , Weiming Zhang , Xinwang Liu , Kui Yu

Explicitly or implicitly, most of dimensionality reduction methods need to determine which samples are neighbors and the similarity between the neighbors in the original highdimensional space. The projection matrix is then learned on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Yanwei Pang , Bo Zhou , Feiping Nie

It is a standard assumption that datasets in high dimension have an internal structure which means that they in fact lie on, or near, subsets of a lower dimension. In many instances it is important to understand the real dimension of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-21 James A. D. Binnie , Paweł Dłotko , John Harvey , Jakub Malinowski , Ka Man Yim

In this paper, we develop a local rank correlation measure which quantifies the performance of dimension reduction methods. The local rank correlation is easily interpretable, and robust against the extreme skewness of nearest neighbor…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-17 Jiaxi Liang , Shojaeddin Chenouri , Christopher G. Small

Most of the existing methods for estimating the local intrinsic dimension of a data distribution do not scale well to high-dimensional data. Many of them rely on a non-parametric nearest neighbors approach which suffers from the curse of…

The goal of supervised representation learning is to construct effective data representations for prediction. Among all the characteristics of an ideal nonparametric representation of high-dimensional complex data, sufficiency, low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Jian Huang , Yuling Jiao , Xu Liao , Jin Liu , Zhou Yu

Majority of the current dimensionality reduction or retrieval techniques rely on embedding the learned feature representations onto a computable metric space. Once the learned features are mapped, a distance metric aids the bridging of gaps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Muhammad Kamran Janjua , Shah Nawaz , Alessandro Calefati , Ignazio Gallo

We propose a novel probabilistic dimensionality reduction framework that can naturally integrate the generative model and the locality information of data. Based on this framework, we present a new model, which is able to learn a smooth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-18 Li Wang

Data are not only ubiquitous in society, but are increasingly complex both in size and dimensionality. Dimension reduction offers researchers and scholars the ability to make such complex, high dimensional data spaces simpler and more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Philip D. Waggoner

A novel general framework is proposed in this paper for dimension reduction in regression to fill the gap between linear and fully nonlinear dimension reduction. The main idea is to transform first each of the raw predictors monotonically,…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-01-03 Tao Wang , Xu Guo , Peirong Xu , Lixing Zhu

Information about intrinsic dimension is crucial to perform dimensionality reduction, compress information, design efficient algorithms, and do statistical adaptation. In this paper we propose an estimator for the intrinsic dimension of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-09 Paulo Serra , Michel Mandjes

Estimating the intrinsic dimensionality (ID) of data is a fundamental problem in machine learning and computer vision, providing insight into the true degrees of freedom underlying high-dimensional observations. Existing methods often rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Eng-Jon Ong , Omer Bobrowski , Gesine Reinert , Primoz Skraba

An additive autoencoder for dimension reduction, which is composed of a serially performed bias estimation, linear trend estimation, and nonlinear residual estimation, is proposed and analyzed. Computational experiments confirm that an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Tommi Kärkkäinen , Jan Hänninen

We propose a novel framework for learning a low-dimensional representation of data based on nonlinear dynamical systems, which we call dynamical dimension reduction (DDR). In the DDR model, each point is evolved via a nonlinear flow towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-19 Ryeongkyung Yoon , Braxton Osting

With the recent surge in big data analytics for hyper-dimensional data there is a renewed interest in dimensionality reduction techniques for machine learning applications. In order for these methods to improve performance gains and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 J. Derek Tucker , Matthew T. Martinez , Jose M. Laborde

Selecting the appropriate dimensionality reduction (DR) technique and determining its optimal hyperparameter settings that maximize the accuracy of the output projections typically involves extensive trial and error, often resulting in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Hyeon Jeon , Jeongin Park , Soohyun Lee , Dae Hyun Kim , Sungbok Shin , Jinwook Seo

Dimension reduction is often the first step in statistical modeling or prediction of multivariate spatial data. However, most existing dimension reduction techniques do not account for the spatial correlation between observations and do not…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-27 Si Cheng , Magali N. Blanco , Timothy V. Larson , Lianne Sheppard , Adam Szpiro , Ali Shojaie

Modeling data as being sampled from a union of independent subspaces has been widely applied to a number of real world applications. However, dimensionality reduction approaches that theoretically preserve this independence assumption have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-08 Devansh Arpit , Ifeoma Nwogu , Venu Govindaraju
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