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Time series forecasting (TSF) plays a critical role in decision-making for many real-world applications. Recently, LLM-based forecasters have made promising advancements. Despite their effectiveness, existing methods often lack explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xiaoyu Tao , Mingyue Cheng , Ze Guo , Shuo Yu , Yaguo Liu , Qi Liu , Shijin Wang

The growing complexity of power systems has made accurate load forecasting more important than ever. An increasing number of advanced load forecasting methods have been developed. However, the static design of current methods offers no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yu Zuo , Dalin Qin , Yi Wang

Time series forecasting can be viewed as a generative problem that requires both semantic understanding over contextual conditions and stochastic modeling of continuous temporal dynamics. Existing approaches typically rely on either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yaguo Liu , Mingyue Cheng , Daoyu Wang , Xiaoyu Tao , Qi Liu

Time series forecasting holds significant importance in many real-world dynamic systems and has been extensively studied. Unlike natural language process (NLP) and computer vision (CV), where a single large model can tackle multiple tasks,…

There is a growing need to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) on complex, high-impact, real-world tasks to assess their true readiness as reasoning agents. To address this gap, we introduce AgentCaster, a contamination-free framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Michael Chen

This paper introduces a novel approach that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) and Generative Agents to enhance time series forecasting by reasoning across both text and time series data. With language as a medium, our method adaptively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Xinlei Wang , Maike Feng , Jing Qiu , Jinjin Gu , Junhua Zhao

Forecasting future world events is a challenging but valuable task. Forecasts of climate, geopolitical conflict, pandemics and economic indicators help shape policy and decision making. In these domains, the judgment of expert humans…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Andy Zou , Tristan Xiao , Ryan Jia , Joe Kwon , Mantas Mazeika , Richard Li , Dawn Song , Jacob Steinhardt , Owain Evans , Dan Hendrycks

Time series forecasting plays a vital role in supporting decision-making across a wide range of critical applications, including energy, healthcare, and finance. Despite recent advances, forecasting accuracy remains limited due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Xiaoyu Tao , Shilong Zhang , Mingyue Cheng , Daoyu Wang , Tingyue Pan , Bokai Pan , Changqing Zhang , Shijin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong symbolic and compositional reasoning, yet they struggle with time series question answering as the data is typically transformed into an LLM-compatible modality, e.g., serialized text, plotted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Penghang Liu , Elizabeth Fons , Annita Vapsi , Mohsen Ghassemi , Svitlana Vyetrenko , Daniel Borrajo , Vamsi K. Potluru , Manuela Veloso

Prior work has largely treated forecasting as a static task, failing to consider how forecasts and the confidence in them should evolve as new evidence emerges. To address this gap, we introduce EvolveCast, a framework for evaluating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhangdie Yuan , Zifeng Ding , Andreas Vlachos

Machine-based prediction of real-world events is garnering attention due to its potential for informed decision-making. Whereas traditional forecasting predominantly hinges on structured data like time-series, recent breakthroughs in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Qi Yan , Raihan Seraj , Jiawei He , Lili Meng , Tristan Sylvain

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in time series forecasting. However, most existing LLM-based forecasting methods still follow a static generative paradigm that directly maps historical observations to future…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Bokai Pan , Mingyue Cheng , Zhiding Liu , Shuo Yu , Xiaoyu Tao , Yuchong Wu , Qi Liu , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen

Language models (LMs) trained on web-scale datasets are largely successful due to their ability to memorize large amounts of training data, even if only present in a few examples. These capabilities are often desirable in evaluation on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Elvis Hsieh , Preston Fu , Jonathan Chen

Demand forecasting is a cornerstone of e-commerce operations, directly impacting inventory planning and fulfillment scheduling. However, existing forecasting systems often fail during high-impact periods such as flash sales, holiday…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Congcong Hu , Yuang Shi , Fan Huang , Yang Xiang , Zhou Ye , Ming Jin , Shiyu Wang

Time series forecasting is central to decision-making in domains as diverse as energy, finance, climate, and public health. In practice, forecasters face thousands of short, noisy series that vary in frequency, quality, and horizon, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Haokun Zhao , Xiang Zhang , Jiaqi Wei , Yiwei Xu , Yuting He , Siqi Sun , Chenyu You

Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly employed to interact with external environments (e.g., games, APIs, world models) to solve user-provided tasks. However, current frameworks often lack the ability to collaborate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Vardhan Dongre , Xiaocheng Yang , Emre Can Acikgoz , Suvodip Dey , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Time series forecasting has long been dominated by model-centric approaches that formulate prediction as a single-pass mapping from historical observations to future values. Despite recent progress, such formulations often struggle in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xiaoyu Tao , Mingyue Cheng , Chuang Jiang , Tian Gao , Huanjian Zhang , Yaguo Liu

Predicting future values in multivariate time series is vital across various domains. This work explores the use of large language models (LLMs) for this task. However, LLMs typically handle one-dimensional data. We introduce MultiCast, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Georgios Chatzigeorgakidis , Konstantinos Lentzos , Dimitrios Skoutas

Time series forecasting aids decision-making, especially for stakeholders who rely on accurate predictions, making it very important to understand and explain these models to ensure informed decisions. Traditional explainable AI (XAI)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Taha Aksu , Chenghao Liu , Amrita Saha , Sarah Tan , Caiming Xiong , Doyen Sahoo

Time series forecasting is not just numerical extrapolation, but often requires reasoning with unstructured contextual data such as news or events. While specialized Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) excel at forecasting based on…

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