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Precise measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are crucial in cosmology, because any proposed model of the universe must account for the features of this radiation. Of all CMB measurements that the scientific community has…

We present the design of a novel instrument tuned to detect transiting exoplanet atmospheres. The instrument, which we call the exoplanet transmission spectroscopy imager (ETSI), makes use of a new technique called common-path multi-band…

We present numerical simulations for a possible synthesis imaging mode of the Space Interferometer Mission (SIM). We summarize the general techniques that SIM offers to perform imaging of high surface brightness sources, and discuss their…

PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission) was proposed to ESA in response to the Call for White Papers for the definition of the L2 and L3 Missions in the ESA Science Programme. PRISM would have two instruments: (1) an…

MIRI, the Mid-InfraRed Instrument, is one of four instruments being built for the James Webb Space Telescope, and is developed jointly between an EuropeanConsortium and the US. In this paper we present a software data simulator for one of…

The intensity mapping of the [CII] 158um line redshifted to the sub-mm window is a promising probe of the z>4 star formation and its spatial distribution into the large-scale structure. To prepare the first-generation experiments (e.g.,…

ScopeSim is a flexible multipurpose instrument data simulation framework built in Python. It enables both raw and reduced observation data to be simulated for a wide range of telescopes and instruments quickly and efficiently on a personal…

Charge Transfer Inefficiency (CTI) due to radiation damage above the Earth's atmosphere creates spurious trailing in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. Radiation damage also creates unrelated warm pixels - but these happen to be perfect…

This paper, first, presents introductory reviews of the Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) mission and the SPICA Coronagraph Instrument (SCI). SPICA will realize a 3m class telescope cooled to 6K in orbit. The…

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) enables live cell, super-resolution imaging at high speeds. SIM uses sophisticated optical systems to generate pre-determined excitation light patterns, and reconstruction algorithms to enhance the…

We present novel methods to perform plenoptic imaging at the diffraction limit by measuring intensity correlations of light. The first method is oriented towards plenoptic microscopy, a promising technique which allows refocusing and…

The detection and characterization of Earth-like exoplanets is one of the major science drivers for the next generation of telescopes. Current direct imaging instruments are limited by evolving non-common path aberrations (NCPAs). The NCPAs…

Microscope mode imaging for secondary ion mass spectrometry is a technique with the promise of simultaneous high spatial resolution and high speed imaging of biomolecules from complex surfaces. Technological developments such as new…

MIRI, the Mid-InfraRed Instrument, is one of four instruments being built for the James Webb Space Telescope. It is being developed jointly between an European Consortium (21 institutes from 10 countries, under the auspices of ESA), and the…

We report the experimental realization of a quantum silicon carbide microscope (QSiCM) and demonstrate its functionality by imaging magnetic fields generated by electrical currents. We employ a dual-frequency sensing protocol to enhance the…

Cosmic microwave background experiments have experienced an exponential increase in complexity, data size and sensitivity. One of the goals of current and future experiments is to characterize the B-mode power spectrum, which would be…

The correlation properties of light provide an outstanding tool to overcome the limitations of traditional imaging techniques. A relevant case is represented by correlation plenoptic imaging (CPI), a quantum-inspired volumetric imaging…

Deep spectroscopic samples can be used to improve photometric redshift (photo-$z$) estimates and reduce uncertainties on redshift distributions. Such improvements can increase the cosmological constraining power of large imaging-based…

Confocal microscopy, a critical advancement in optical imaging, is widely applied because of its excellent anti-noise ability. However, it has low imaging efficiency and can cause phototoxicity. Optical-sectioning structured illumination…

This document summarizes how far the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Coronagraph Instrument (Roman CGI) will go toward demonstrating high-contrast imaging and spectroscopic requirements for potential future exoplanet direct imaging…