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While it is generally acknowledged that force feedback is beneficial to robotic control, applications of policy learning to robotic manipulation typically only leverage visual feedback. Recently, symmetric neural models have been used to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Colin Kohler , Anuj Shrivatsav Srikanth , Eshan Arora , Robert Platt

Learning a generalizable bimanual manipulation policy is extremely challenging for embodied agents due to the large action space and the need for coordinated arm movements. Existing approaches rely on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Chenyou Fan , Fangzheng Yan , Chenjia Bai , Jiepeng Wang , Chi Zhang , Zhen Wang , Xuelong Li

Flow Matching has limited ability in achieving one-step generation due to its reliance on learned curved trajectories. Previous studies have attempted to address this limitation by either modifying the coupling distribution to prevent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Tianyang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yanning Shen

Coarse-to-fine autoregressive modeling has recently shown strong promise for visuomotor policy learning, combining the inference efficiency of autoregressive methods with the global trajectory coherence of diffusion-based policies. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Daichi Yashima , Koki Seno , Shuhei Kurita , Yusuke Oda , Komei Sugiura

Generative flow and diffusion models provide the continuous, multimodal action distributions needed for high-precision robotic policies. However, their reliance on iterative sampling introduces severe inference latency, degrading control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Shaolong Li , Lichao Sun , Yongchao Chen

While behavior cloning with flow/diffusion policies excels at learning complex skills from demonstrations, it remains vulnerable to distributional shift, and standard RL methods struggle to fine-tune these models due to their iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Mingyang Sun , Pengxiang Ding , Weinan Zhang , Donglin Wang

Scene flow estimation aims to recover per-point motion from two adjacent LiDAR scans. However, in real-world applications such as autonomous driving, points rarely move independently of others, especially for nearby points belonging to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yancong Lin , Shiming Wang , Liangliang Nan , Julian Kooij , Holger Caesar

Real-world fine-tuning of dexterous manipulation policies remains challenging due to limited real-world interaction budgets and highly multimodal action distributions. Diffusion-based policies, while expressive, do not permit conservative…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Chenyu Yang , Denis Tarasov , Davide Liconti , Hehui Zheng , Robert K. Katzschmann

In recent years, generative models have shown remarkable capabilities across diverse fields, including images, videos, language, and decision-making. By applying powerful generative models such as flow-based models to reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jifeng Hu , Sili Huang , Siyuan Guo , Zhaogeng Liu , Li Shen , Lichao Sun , Hechang Chen , Yi Chang , Dacheng Tao

Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models equipped with Flow Matching (FM) action heads achieve state-of-the-art performance in complex robot manipulation. However, the multi-step iterative ODE solving required by FM introduces inference…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhou Fang , Jiaqi Wang , Yi Zhou , Qiongfeng Shi

Offline reinforcement learning often relies on behavior regularization that enforces policies to remain close to the dataset distribution. However, such approaches fail to distinguish between high-value and low-value actions in their…

Recent advances in diffusion$/$flow-matching policies have enabled imitation learning of complex, multi-modal action trajectories. However, they are computationally expensive because they sample a trajectory of trajectories: a…

Flow-matching policies have emerged as a powerful paradigm for generalist robotics. These models are trained to imitate an action chunk, conditioned on sensor observations and textual instructions. Often, training demonstrations are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Samuel Pfrommer , Yixiao Huang , Somayeh Sojoudi

Flow Matching (FM) policies have emerged as an efficient backbone for robotic control, offering fast and expressive action generation that underpins recent large-scale embodied AI systems. However, FM policies trained via imitation learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiaotian Qiu , Lukai Chen , Jinhao Li , Qi Sun , Cheng Zhuo , Guohao Dai

Imitation learning has emerged as an effective approach for bootstrapping sequential decision-making in robotics, achieving strong performance even in high-dimensional dexterous manipulation tasks. Recent behavior cloning methods further…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Entong Su , Tyler Westenbroek , Anusha Nagabandi , Abhishek Gupta

While visuomotor policy has made advancements in recent years, contact-rich tasks still remain a challenge. Robotic manipulation tasks that require continuous contact demand explicit handling of compliance and force. However, most…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Tianyu Li , Yihan Li , Zizhe Zhang , Nadia Figueroa

Learning robust visuomotor policies that generalize across diverse objects and interaction dynamics remains a central challenge in robotic manipulation. Most existing approaches rely on direct observation-to-action mappings or compress…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Sangjun Noh , Dongwoo Nam , Kangmin Kim , Geonhyup Lee , Yeonguk Yu , Raeyoung Kang , Kyoobin Lee

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models based on flow matching have shown excellent performance in general-purpose robotic manipulation tasks. However, the action accuracy of these models on complex downstream tasks is unsatisfactory. One…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Hongyin Zhang , Shiyuan Zhang , Junxi Jin , Qixin Zeng , Yifan Qiao , Hongchao Lu , Donglin Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are increasingly expected to not only complete robot tasks, but also follow human instructions about how those tasks should be executed. However, existing robot datasets usually pair trajectories with…

The field of general-purpose robotics has recently embraced powerful probabilistic diffusion-based models to learn the complex embodiment behaviours. However, existing models often come with significant trade-offs, namely high computational…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jialong Li , Simon Kristoffersson Lind , Wenrui Xie , Maj Stenmark , Volker Krüger