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Fiore and Hur recently introduced a conservative extension of universal algebra and equational logic from first to second order. Second-order universal algebra and second-order equational logic respectively provide a model theory and a…
The problem of determining the configuration of points from partial distance information, known as the Euclidean Distance Geometry (EDG) problem, is fundamental to many tasks in the applied sciences. In this paper, we propose two algorithms…
The metric $D_\alpha (q,q')$ on the set $Q$ of particle locations of a homogeneous Poisson process on $R^d$, defined as the infimum of $(\sum_i |q_i - q_{i+1}|^\alpha)^{1/\alpha}$ over sequences in $Q$ starting with $q$ and ending with $q'$…
According to a classical result of Szemer\'{e}di, every dense subset of $1,2,...,N$ contains an arbitrary long arithmetic progression, if $N$ is large enough. Its analogue in higher dimensions due to F\"urstenberg and Katznelson says that…
This paper discusses the extension of the Prototype Verification System (PVS) sub-theory for rings, part of the PVS algebra theory, with theorems related to the division algorithm for Euclidean rings and Unique Factorization Domains that…
The elimination distance to some target graph property P is a general graph modification parameter introduced by Bulian and Dawar. We initiate the study of elimination distances to graph properties expressible in first-order logic. We…
In the study of Euclidean lattices, the product of the successive minima is bounded from above and below by explicit quantities. This result is known as Minkowski's second theorem, and can be refined to include Hermite's constant in the…
The bisector of two nonempty sets P and Q in a metric space is the set of all points with equal distance to P and to Q. A distance k-sector of P and Q, where k is an integer, is a (k-1)-tuple (C_1, C_2, ..., C_{k-1}) such that C_i is the…
The general classical solution of the 3D electromagnetic pp-wave spacetime has been obtained. The relevant line element contains an arbitrary essential function providing an infinite number of in-equivalent geometries as solutions. A…
We continue the study of classical and quantum low-density parity check (LDPC) codes from a physical perspective. We focus on constructive approaches and formulate a general framework for systematically constructing codes with various…
Exactly solving first-order constraints (i.e., first-order formulas over a certain predefined structure) can be a very hard, or even undecidable problem. In continuous structures like the real numbers it is promising to compute approximate…
We investigate dimensional constraints arising from representation theory when abstract graph edges possess internal degrees of freedom but lack geometric properties. We prove that such internal degrees of freedom can only encode…
Multiview varieties are mathematical models for the set of image feature correspondences that can be produced by a given camera arrangement. They possess an invariant known as their Euclidean distance (ED) degree, which measures the…
We argue that a consistent coupling of a quantum theory to gravity requires an extension of ordinary `first order' Riemannian geometry to second order Riemannian geometry, which incorporates both a line element and an area element. This…
An analogue of the Euclidean algorithm for square matrices of size 2 with integral non-negative entries and strictly positive determinant $n$ defines a finite set $\mathcal{R}(n)$ of Euclid-reduced matrices corresponding to elements of…
Andreka and her colleagues have described various geometrically inspired first-order theories of special and general relativity, while Szekely's PhD dissertation focuses on an intermediate logic of accelerated observers. In this paper we…
Historically, there have been many attempts to produce an appropriate mathematical formalism for modeling the nature of physical space, such as Euclid's geometry, Descartes' system of Cartesian coordinates, the Argand plane, Hamilton's…
The search for a mathematical foundation for the path integral of Euclidean quantum gravity calls for the construction of random geometry on the spacetime manifold. Following developments in physics on the two-dimensional theory, random…
Euclidean geometry is among the earliest forms of mathematical thinking. While the geometric primitives underlying its constructions, such as perfect lines and circles, do not often occur in the natural world, humans rarely struggle to…
Erd\H{o}s' unit distance problem and Erd\H{o}s' distinct distances problem are among the most classical and well-known open problems in discrete mathematics. They ask for the maximum number of unit distances, or the minimum number of…