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We introduce Adjoint Sampling, a highly scalable and efficient algorithm for learning diffusion processes that sample from unnormalized densities, or energy functions. It is the first on-policy approach that allows significantly more…

Diffusion models have shown remarkable potential in planning and control tasks due to their ability to represent multimodal distributions over actions and trajectories. However, ensuring safety under constraints remains a critical challenge…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Jichen Zhang , Liqun Zhao , Antonis Papachristodoulou , Jack Umenberger

Efficient and accurate motion prediction is crucial for ensuring safety and informed decision-making in autonomous driving, particularly under dynamic real-world conditions that necessitate multi-modal forecasts. We introduce TrajFlow, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Qi Yan , Brian Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Daniel Yang , Joshua White , Di Chen , Jiachao Liu , Langechuan Liu , Binnan Zhuang , Shaoshuai Shi , Renjie Liao

Among the most prevalent motion planning techniques, sampling and trajectory optimization have emerged successful due to their ability to handle tight constraints and high-dimensional systems, respectively. However, limitations in sampling…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Kalyan Vasudev Alwala , Mustafa Mukadam

Generating human motion with precise spatial control is a challenging problem. Existing approaches often require task-specific training or slow optimization, and enforcing hard constraints frequently disrupts motion naturalness. Building on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Akihisa Watanabe , Qing Yu , Edgar Simo-Serra , Kent Fujiwara

Existing rectified flow models are based on linear trajectories between data and noise distributions. This linearity enforces zero curvature, which can inadvertently force the image generation process through low-probability regions of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yan Luo , Drake Du , Hao Huang , Yi Fang , Mengyu Wang

Planning is a critical component of end-to-end autonomous driving. However, prevailing imitation learning methods often suffer from mode collapse, failing to produce diverse trajectory hypotheses. Meanwhile, existing generative approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Lin Liu , Guanyi Yu , Ziying Song , Junqiao Li , Caiyan Jia , Feiyang Jia , Peiliang Wu , Yandan Luo

Production optimization in stress-sensitive unconventional reservoirs is governed by a nonlinear trade-off between pressure-driven flow and stress-induced degradation of fracture conductivity and matrix permeability. While higher drawdown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Mahammad Valiyev , Jodel Cornelio , Behnam Jafarpour

Alongside optimization-based planners, sampling-based approaches are often used in trajectory planning for autonomous driving due to their simplicity. Model predictive path integral control is a framework that builds upon optimization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Georg Rabenstein , Lars Ullrich , Knut Graichen

Sampling techniques are used in many fields, including design of experiments, image processing, and graphics. The techniques in each field are designed to meet the constraints specific to that field such as uniform coverage of the range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Chandrika Kamath

Recently, flow-based generative models have shown superior efficiency compared to diffusion models. In this paper, we study rectified flow models, which constrain transport trajectories to be linear from the base distribution to the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Hari Krishna Sahoo , Mudit Gaur , Vaneet Aggarwal

We consider the problem of designing constraint-aware flow matching (FM) models that address the issue of constraint violations commonly observed in vanilla generative models. We consider two scenarios, viz.: (a) when a differentiable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Zhengyan Huan , Jacob Boerma , Li-Ping Liu , Shuchin Aeron

Addressing real-world optimization problems becomes particularly challenging when analytic objective functions or constraints are unavailable. While numerous studies have addressed the issue of unknown objectives, limited research has…

Sampling from unnormalized densities is analogous to the generative modeling problem, but the target distribution is defined by a known energy function instead of data samples. Because evaluating the energy function is often costly, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Aaron Havens , Brian Karrer , Neta Shaul

Ray tracing has become a standard for accurate radio propagation modeling, but suffers from exponential computational complexity, as the number of candidate paths scales with the number of objects raised to the interaction order. This…

Sampling rare events in metastable dynamical systems is often a computationally expensive task and one needs to resort to enhanced sampling methods such as importance sampling. Since we can formulate the problem of finding optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-05 Enric Ribera Borrell , Jannes Quer , Lorenz Richter , Christof Schütte

Robot motion distributions often exhibit multi-modality and require flexible generative models for accurate representation. Streaming Flow Policies (SFPs) have recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for generating robot trajectories by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Jieting Long , Dechuan Liu , Weidong Cai , Ian Manchester , Weiming Zhi

Recent advances in generative models have shown promise in generating behavior plans for long-horizon, sparse reward tasks. While these approaches have achieved promising results, they often lack a principled framework for hierarchical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Nandiraju Gireesh , Yuanliang Ju , Chaoyi Xu , Weiheng Liu , Yuxuan Wan , He Wang

Existing deep learning-based surrogate models facilitate efficient data generation, but fall short in uncertainty quantification, efficient parameter space exploration, and reverse prediction. In our work, we introduce SurroFlow, a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jingyi Shen , Yuhan Duan , Han-Wei Shen

In this paper we provide a thorough, rigorous theoretical framework to assess optimality guarantees of sampling-based algorithms for drift control systems: systems that, loosely speaking, can not stop instantaneously due to momentum. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-10-28 Edward Schmerling , Lucas Janson , Marco Pavone