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Current reinforcement learning (RL) often suffers when solving a challenging exploration problem where the desired outcomes or high rewards are rarely observed. Even though curriculum RL, a framework that solves complex tasks by proposing a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Daesol Cho , Seungjae Lee , H. Jin Kim

Real-world sequential decision-making tasks often require balancing trade-offs between multiple conflicting objectives, making Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning (MORL) an increasingly prominent field of research. Despite recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jayden Teoh , Pradeep Varakantham , Peter Vamplew

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable promise in reasoning and decision-making, yet their integration with Reinforcement Learning (RL) for complex robotic tasks remains underexplored. In this paper, we propose an LLM-guided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Chak Lam Shek , Pratap Tokekar

Training generally capable agents that thoroughly explore their environment and learn new and diverse skills is a long-term goal of robot learning. Quality Diversity Reinforcement Learning (QD-RL) is an emerging research area that blends…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Sumeet Batra , Bryon Tjanaka , Matthew C. Fontaine , Aleksei Petrenko , Stefanos Nikolaidis , Gaurav Sukhatme

Multimodal representation learning seeks to create a unified representation space by integrating diverse data modalities to improve multimodal understanding. Traditional methods often depend on pairwise contrastive learning, which relies on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

The framework of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides a powerful and widely applicable mathematical formalization for sequential decision-making. This paper present a novel DRL framework, termed \emph{$f$-Divergence Reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Chen Gong , Qiang He , Yunpeng Bai , Zhou Yang , Xiaoyu Chen , Xinwen Hou , Xianjie Zhang , Yu Liu , Guoliang Fan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful framework for sequential decision-making in dynamic environments, particularly when system parameters are unknown. This paper investigates RL-based control for entropy-regularized…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Gabriel Diaz , Lucky Li , Wenhao Zhang

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm that organizes external knowledge into structured graphs of entities and relations, enabling large language models (LLMs) to perform complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jinyoung Park , Sanghyeok Lee , Omar Zia Khan , Hyunwoo J. Kim , Joo-Kyung Kim

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) incur substantial inference costs due to the processing of a vast number of visual tokens. Existing methods typically struggle to model progressive visual token reduction as a multi-step decision process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sihan Cao , Jianwei Zhang , Pengcheng Zheng , Jiaxin Yan , Caiyan Qin , Yalan Ye , Wei Dong , Peng Wang , Yang Yang , Chaoning Zhang

Alignment is vital for safely deploying large language models (LLMs). Existing techniques are either reward-based (training a reward model on preference pairs and optimizing with reinforcement learning) or reward-free (directly fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ruoxi Cheng , Haoxuan Ma , Weixin Wang , Ranjie Duan , Jiexi Liu , Xiaoshuang Jia , Simeng Qin , Xiaochun Cao , Yang Liu , Xiaojun Jia

As Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) mature, GUI agents are evolving from static interactions to complex navigation. While Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for training MLLM agents on dynamic GUI tasks,…

To facilitate efficient learning, policy gradient approaches to deep reinforcement learning (RL) are typically paired with variance reduction measures and strategies for making large but safe policy changes based on a batch of experiences.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jared Markowitz , Edward W. Staley

To overcome the curses of dimensionality and modeling of Dynamic Programming (DP) methods to solve Markov Decision Process (MDP) problems, Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods are adopted in practice. Contrary to traditional RL algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Arghyadip Roy , Vivek Borkar , Abhay Karandikar , Prasanna Chaporkar

This paper introduces a new scalable multi-objective deep reinforcement learning (MODRL) framework based on deep Q-networks. We develop a high-performance MODRL framework that supports both single-policy and multi-policy strategies, as well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Thanh Thi Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Peter Vamplew , Saeid Nahavandi , Richard Dazeley , Chee Peng Lim

We present new policy mirror descent (PMD) methods for solving reinforcement learning (RL) problems with either strongly convex or general convex regularizers. By exploring the structural properties of these overall highly nonconvex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Guanghui Lan

Multi-objective optimization models that encode ordered sequential constraints provide a solution to model various challenging problems including encoding preferences, modeling a curriculum, and enforcing measures of safety. A recently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Kyle Hollins Wray , Stas Tiomkin , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Pieter Abbeel

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is a relatively new field which builds on conventional Reinforcement Learning (RL) to solve multi-objective problems. One of common algorithm is to extend scalar value Q-learning by using vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Kewen Ding

Embedding parameterized optimization problems as layers into machine learning architectures serves as a powerful inductive bias. Training such architectures with stochastic gradient descent requires care, as degenerate derivatives of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Anselm Paulus , Georg Martius , Vít Musil

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has made significant strides in complex tasks but struggles in multi-task settings with different embodiments. World model methods offer scalability by learning a simulation of the environment but often rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ignat Georgiev , Varun Giridhar , Nicklas Hansen , Animesh Garg

This paper proposes a novel formulation for reinforcement learning (RL) with large language models, explaining why and under what conditions the true sequence-level reward can be optimized via a surrogate token-level objective in policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Chujie Zheng , Kai Dang , Bowen Yu , Mingze Li , Huiqiang Jiang , Junrong Lin , Yuqiong Liu , Hao Lin , Chencan Wu , Feng Hu , An Yang , Jingren Zhou , Junyang Lin
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