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We study the Improving Multi-Armed Bandit (IMAB) problem, where the reward obtained from an arm increases with the number of pulls it receives. This model provides an elegant abstraction for many real-world problems in domains such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Vishakha Patil , Vineet Nair , Ganesh Ghalme , Arindam Khan

Restless multi-arm bandits (RMABs), a class of resource allocation problems with broad application in areas such as healthcare, online advertising, and anti-poaching, have recently been studied from a multi-agent reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Yunfan Zhao , Nikhil Behari , Edward Hughes , Edwin Zhang , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Karl Tuyls , Aparna Taneja , Milind Tambe

This paper addresses the poor finite-horizon performance of existing online \emph{restless bandit} (RB) algorithms, which stems from the prohibitive sample complexity of learning a full \emph{Markov decision process} (MDP) for each agent.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jiamin Xu , Ivan Nazarov , Aditya Rastogi , África Periáñez , Kyra Gan

We consider the infinite-horizon, average-reward restless bandit problem in discrete time. We propose a new class of policies that are designed to drive a progressively larger subset of arms toward the optimal distribution. We show that our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yige Hong , Qiaomin Xie , Yudong Chen , Weina Wang

We consider a stochastic multi-armed bandit setting and study the problem of constrained regret minimization over a given time horizon. Each arm is associated with an unknown, possibly multi-dimensional distribution, and the merit of an arm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Anmol Kagrecha , Jayakrishnan Nair , Krishna Jagannathan

Restless multi-armed bandits (RMAB) play a central role in modeling sequential decision making problems under an instantaneous activation constraint that at most B arms can be activated at any decision epoch. Each restless arm is endowed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Guojun Xiong , Jian Li

We consider finite-horizon restless bandits with multiple pulls per period, which play an important role in recommender systems, active learning, revenue management, and many other areas. While an optimal policy can be computed, in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Xiangyu Zhang , Peter I. Frazier

This paper addresses an important class of restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problems that finds broad application in operations research, stochastic optimization, and reinforcement learning. There are $N$ independent Markov processes that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Keqin Liu

Restless bandits are an important class of problems with applications in recommender systems, active learning, revenue management and other areas. We consider infinite-horizon discounted restless bandits with many arms where a fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Xiangyu Zhang , Peter I. Frazier

We consider an extension to the restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problem with unknown arm dynamics, where an unknown exogenous global Markov process governs the rewards distribution of each arm. Under each global state, the rewards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Tomer Gafni , Michal Yemini , Kobi Cohen

Restless multi-armed bandits (RMAB) extend multi-armed bandits so pulling an arm impacts future states. Despite the success of RMABs, a key limiting assumption is the separability of rewards into a sum across arms. We address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Naveen Raman , Zheyuan Ryan Shi , Fei Fang

Restless multi-armed bandits (RMABs) have been highly successful in optimizing sequential resource allocation across many domains. However, in many practical settings with highly scarce resources, where each agent can only receive at most…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Guojun Xiong , Haichuan Wang , Yuqi Pan , Saptarshi Mandal , Sanket Shah , Niclas Boehmer , Milind Tambe

We consider multi-dimensional Markov decision processes and formulate a long term discounted reward optimization problem. Two simulation based algorithms---Monte Carlo rollout policy and parallel rollout policy are studied, and various…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Rahul Meshram , Kesav Kaza

We consider the channel access problem in a multi-channel opportunistic communication system with imperfect channel sensing, where the state of each channel evolves as a non independent and identically distributed Markov process. This…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-06-05 Kehao Wang , Lin Chen , Quan Liu , Khaldoun Al Agha

Robust optimal or min-max model predictive control (MPC) approaches aim to guarantee constraint satisfaction over a known, bounded uncertainty set while minimizing a worst-case performance bound. Traditionally, these methods compute a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 J. Wehbeh , E. C. Kerrigan

We consider an extension to the restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problem with unknown arm dynamics, where an unknown exogenous global Markov process governs the rewards distribution of each arm. Under each global state, the rewards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Tomer Gafni , Michal Yemini , Kobi Cohen

Restless multi-armed bandits (RMABs) are a popular framework for algorithmic decision making in sequential settings with limited resources. RMABs are increasingly being used for sensitive decisions such as in public health, treatment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Jackson A. Killian , Manish Jain , Yugang Jia , Jonathan Amar , Erich Huang , Milind Tambe

Online restless multi-armed bandits (RMABs) typically assume that each arm follows a stationary Markov Decision Process (MDP) with fixed state transitions and rewards. However, in real-world applications like healthcare and recommendation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yu-Heng Hung , Ping-Chun Hsieh , Kai Wang

We present a novel machine learning framework for the optimal control of fluid restless multi-armed bandit problems (FRMABPs) with state equations that are either affine or quadratic in the state variables. By establishing fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Dimitris Bertsimas , Cheol Woo Kim , José Niño-Mora

Partially observable restless multi-armed bandits have found numerous applications including in recommendation systems, communication systems, public healthcare outreach systems, and in operations research. We study multi-action partially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rahul Meshram , Kesav Kaza