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The classical criterion for compactness in Banach spaces of functions can be reformulated into a simple tightness condition in the time-frequency domain. This description preserves more explicitly the symmetry between time and frequency…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Monika Dörfler , Hans G. Feichtinger , Karlheinz Gröchenig

We show the rigid singularity theorem, that is, a globally hyperbolic spacetime satisfying the strong energy condition and containing past trapped sets, either is timelike geodesically incomplete or splits isometrically as space $\times$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Makoto Narita

By definition a spacetime is stably causal if it is possible to widen the light cones all over the spacetime without spoiling causality. We prove that if the spacetime is at least non-total imprisoning then it is stably causal provided the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-08-12 E. Minguzzi , M. Rinaldelli

In this work we provide the full description of the upper levels of the classical causal ladder for spacetimes in the context of Lorenztian length spaces, thus establishing the hierarchy between them. We also show that global hyperbolicity,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-16 L. Ake Hau , Armando J. Cabrera Pacheco , Didier A. Solis

We prove a globally hyperbolic spacetime with locally Lipschitz continuous metric and timelike distributional Ricci curvature bounded from below obeys the timelike measure contraction property. The remarkable class of examples of spacetimes…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-26 Mathias Braun , Marta Sálamo Candal

In this contribution, we study spacetimes of cosmological interest, without making any symmetry assumptions. We prove a rigid Hawking singularity theorem for positive cosmological constant, which sharpens known results. In particular, it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-16 Gregory J. Galloway , Leonardo García-Heveling

Chernov-Nemirovski observed that the existence of a globally hyperbolic Lorentzian metric on a (3 + 1)-spacetime pins down a smooth structure on the underlying 4-manifold. In this paper, we point out that the diffeomorphism type of a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-06-22 Rafael Torres

The standard theory of Banach spaces is built upon the notions of vector space, triangle inequality and Cauchy completeness. Here we propose a `hyperbolic' variant of this `elliptic' framework where general linear combinations are replaced…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Nicola Gigli

This paper gives a new proof that maximal, globally hyperbolic, flat spacetimes of dimension $n\geq 3$ with compact Cauchy hypersurfaces are globally foliated by Cauchy hypersurfaces of constant mean curvature, and that such spacetimes…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Lars Andersson , Thierry Barbot , Francois Beguin , Abdelghani Zeghib

We prove global completeness in the expanding direction of spacetimes satisfying the vacuum Einstein equations on a manifold of the form $\Sigma \times S^{1}\times R$ where $\Sigma $ is a compact surface of genus $G>1.$ The Cauchy data are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat , Vincent Moncrief

We describe a nonsmooth notion of globally hyperbolic, regular length metric spacetimes $(\mathrm{M},l)$. It is based on ideas of Kunzinger-S\"amann, but does not require Lipschitz continuity of causal curves. We study geodesics on…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-01-29 Mathias Braun , Robert J. McCann

We introduce a canonical, compact topology, which we call weakly causal, naturally generated by the causal site of J. D. Christensen and L. Crane, a pointless algebraic structure motivated by certain problems of quantum gravity. We show…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-11-14 Martin Kovár , Alena Chernikava

We consider the Cauchy problem for weakly hyperbolic $m$-th order partial differential equations with coefficients low-regular in time and smooth in space. It is well-known that in general one has to impose Levi conditions to get $C^\infty$…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-11-17 Daniel Lorenz , Michael Reissig

It is shown that causally simple inextendible spacetimes are hole-free, thus confirming the expectation that causal simplicity removes holes from spacetime. This result is optimal in the sense that causal simplicity cannot be weakened to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-20 E. Minguzzi

We consider (flat) Cauchy-complete GH spacetimes, i.e., globally hyperbolic flat lorentzian manifolds admitting some Cauchy hypersurface on which the ambient lorentzian metric restricts as a complete riemannian metric. We define a family of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-11-10 Thierry Barbot

In this work we study the structure of the future causal completion $\hat{M}$ of a globally hyperbolic GRW spacetime $\mathbb{R}\times_\alpha M$ using the novel notion of Lorentzian pre-length spaces. As our main result, we prove that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-30 Luis Aké Hau , Saul Burgos , Didier A. Solis

In this work it is shown that a necessary condition for the completeness of the geodesics of left invariant pseudo-Riemannian metrics on Lie groups is also sufficient in the case of 3-dimensional unimodular Lie groups, and not sufficient…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Shirley Bromberg , Alberto Medina

We show that the definition of global hyperbolicity in terms of the compactness of the causal diamonds and non-total imprisonment can be extended to spacetimes with continuous metrics, while retaining all of the equivalences to other…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-20 Clemens Sämann

In order to apply variational methods to the action functional for geodesics of a stationary spacetime, some hypotheses, useful to obtain classical Palais-Smale condition, are commonly used: pseudo-coercivity, bounds on certain coefficients…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-04-18 Anna Maria Candela , Jose' Luis Flores , Miguel Sanchez

Some well-known Lorentzian concepts are transferred into the more general setting of cone structures, which provide both the causality of the spacetime and the notion of cone geodesics without making use of any metric. Lightlike…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-09-20 Miguel Ángel Javaloyes , Enrique Pendás-Recondo