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Factual consistency is one of important summary evaluation dimensions, especially as summary generation becomes more fluent and coherent. The ESTIME measure, recently proposed specifically for factual consistency, achieves high correlations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Oleg Vasilyev , John Bohannon

Hidden structural patterns in written texts have been subject of considerable research in the last decades. In particular, mapping a text into a time series of sentence lengths is a natural way to investigate text structure. Typically,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-07 Denner S. Vieira , Sergio Picoli , Renio S. Mendes

Pre-trained neural abstractive summarization systems have dominated extractive strategies on news summarization performance, at least in terms of ROUGE. However, system-generated abstractive summaries often face the pitfall of factual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Yue Dong , Shuohang Wang , Zhe Gan , Yu Cheng , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung , Jingjing Liu

The performance of text summarization has been greatly boosted by pre-trained language models. A main concern of existing methods is that most generated summaries are not factually inconsistent with their source documents. To alleviate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Zheheng Luo , Qianqian Xie , Sophia Ananiadou

While neural language models can generate text with remarkable fluency and coherence, controlling for factual correctness in generation remains an open research question. This major discrepancy between the surface-level fluency and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Saadia Gabriel , Asli Celikyilmaz , Rahul Jha , Yejin Choi , Jianfeng Gao

Reliable evaluation of large language model (LLM)-generated summaries remains an open challenge, particularly across heterogeneous domains and document lengths. We conduct a comprehensive meta-evaluation of 14 automatic summarization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Huyen Nguyen , Haoxuan Zhang , Yang Zhang , Junhua Ding , Haihua Chen

Large language models (LLMs) show strong reasoning abilities across diverse tasks, yet their performance on extended contexts remains inconsistent. While prior research has emphasized mid-context degradation in question answering, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Pietro Bernardelle , Stefano Civelli , Kevin Roitero , Gianluca Demartini

Unlike extractive summarization, abstractive summarization has to fuse different parts of the source text, which inclines to create fake facts. Our preliminary study reveals nearly 30% of the outputs from a state-of-the-art neural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Ziqiang Cao , Furu Wei , Wenjie Li , Sujian Li

Dialogue summarization task involves summarizing long conversations while preserving the most salient information. Real-life dialogues often involve naturally occurring variations (e.g., repetitions, hesitations) and existing dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Ankita Gupta , Chulaka Gunasekara , Hui Wan , Jatin Ganhotra , Sachindra Joshi , Marina Danilevsky

Current metrics for evaluating factuality for abstractive document summarization have achieved high correlations with human judgment, but they do not account for the vision modality and thus are not adequate for vision-and-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 David Wan , Mohit Bansal

Human language production exhibits remarkable richness and variation, reflecting diverse communication styles and intents. However, this variation is often overlooked in summarization evaluation. While having multiple reference summaries is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Silvia Casola , Yang Janet Liu , Siyao Peng , Oliver Kraus , Albert Gatt , Barbara Plank

Matching for causal inference is a well-studied problem, but standard methods fail when the units to match are text documents: the high-dimensional and rich nature of the data renders exact matching infeasible, causes propensity scores to…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-03-15 Reagan Mozer , Luke Miratrix , Aaron Russell Kaufman , L. Jason Anastasopoulos

The topic of summarization evaluation has recently attracted a surge of attention due to the rapid development of abstractive summarization systems. However, the formulation of the task is rather ambiguous, neither the linguistic nor the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Yanzhu Guo , Chloé Clavel , Moussa Kamal Eddine , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Abstractive text summarization aims to shorten long text documents into a human readable form that contains the most important facts from the original document. However, the level of actual abstraction as measured by novel phrases that do…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-27 Wojciech Kryściński , Romain Paulus , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher

Single document news summarization has seen substantial progress on faithfulness in recent years, driven by research on the evaluation of factual consistency, or hallucinations. We ask whether these advances carry over to other text…

State-of-the-art summarization systems are trained and evaluated on massive datasets scraped from the web. Despite their prevalence, we know very little about the underlying characteristics (data noise, summarization complexity, etc.) of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Priyam Tejaswin , Dhruv Naik , Pengfei Liu

Long-form clinical summarization of hospital admissions has real-world significance because of its potential to help both clinicians and patients. The faithfulness of summaries is critical to their safe usage in clinical settings. To better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Griffin Adams , Jason Zucker , Noémie Elhadad

The issue of factual consistency in abstractive summarization has received extensive attention in recent years, and the evaluation of factual consistency between summary and document has become an important and urgent task. Most of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Yiyang Li , Lei Li , Marina Litvak , Natalia Vanetik , Dingxin Hu , Yuze Li , Yanquan Zhou

The problems of unfaithful summaries have been widely discussed under the context of abstractive summarization. Though extractive summarization is less prone to the common unfaithfulness issues of abstractive summaries, does that mean…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Shiyue Zhang , David Wan , Mohit Bansal

Dialogue summarization is abstractive in nature, making it suffer from factual errors. The factual correctness of summaries has the highest priority before practical applications. Many efforts have been made to improve faithfulness in text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Bin Wang , Chen Zhang , Yan Zhang , Yiming Chen , Haizhou Li