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An important objective of designing lithium-ion rechargeable battery cells is to maximize their rate performance without compromising the energy density, which is mainly achieved through computationally expensive numerical simulations at…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-05-05 Fan Wang , Ming Tang

Electrochemical CO2 reduction offers a method to use renewable electricity to convert CO2 into CO and other carbon-based chemical building blocks. While nearly all studies rely on a CO2 feed, we show herein that aqueous bicarbonate…

Higher levels of renewable electricity generation increase uncertainty in power system operation. To ensure secure system operation, new tools that account for this uncertainty are required. In this paper, we formulate a chance-constrained…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-07 Line Roald , Göran Andersson

Entanglement generation can be robust against noise in approaches that deliberately incorporate dissipation into the system dynamics. The presence of additional dissipation channels may, however, limit fidelity and speed of the process.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-28 Karl P. Horn , Florentin Reiter , Yiheng Lin , Dietrich Leibfried , Christiane P. Koch

Laser plasma interaction with micro-engineered targets at relativistic intensities has been greatly promoted by recent progress in the high contrast lasers and the manufacture of advanced micro- and nano-structures. This opens new…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-03-10 Longqing Yi , Alexander Pukhov , Baifei Shen

Traffic dynamics on single or isolated complex networks has been extensively studied in the past decade. Recently, several coupled network models have been developed to describe the interactions between real-world networked systems. In a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-12-12 Jiajing Wu , Jian Zhong , Zhenhao Chen

Quantifying differences between flow fields is a key challenge in fluid mechanics, particularly when evaluating the effectiveness of flow control. Traditional vector metrics, such as the Euclidean distance, provide straightforward pointwise…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-12 Jonathan Quang Tran , Chi-An Yeh , Kunihiko Taira

We study the input-output response of a streamwise constant projection of the Navier-Stokes equations for plane Couette flow, the so-called 2D/3C model. Study of a streamwise constant model is motivated by numerical and experimental…

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted ever-growing interest due to their high atom-utilization efficiency and potential for cost-effective of hydrogen production. However, enhancing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-11 Feng Sun , Xuqiang Zhang , Jiangtao Chen , Yun Zhao , Yan Li

We present a modeling and optimization framework to design powertrains for a family of electric vehicles, focusing on the concurrent sizing of their motors and batteries. Whilst tailoring these component modules to each individual vehicle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-18 Maurizio Clemente , Mauro Salazar , Theo Hofman

The rates of numerous activated reactions between neutral species increase at low temperatures through quantum mechanical tunneling of light hydrogen atoms. Although tunneling processes involving molecules or heavy atoms are well known in…

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) represent the future of transportation, utilizing detailed traffic information to enhance control and decision-making. Eco-driving of CAVs has the potential to significantly improve energy efficiency,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Zongtan Li , Yunli Shao

Planar electromagnetic actuators based on the principle of linear motors are widely employed for micro and nano positioning applications. These actuators usually employ a planar magnetic platform driven by a co-planar electromagnetic coil.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 K. S. Vikrant , D. Dadkhah , S. O. Reza Moheimani

Enzymes are nano-scale machines that have evolved to drive chemical reactions out of equilibrium in the right place at the right time. Given the complexity and specificity of enzymatic function, bottom-up design of enzymes presents a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-28 Michalis Chatzittofi , Jaime Agudo-Canalejo , Ramin Golestanian

We demonstrate theoretically using the atomistic non-equilibrium Green's function formalism with the inclusion of self-consistent charging, the design of a superior thermoelectric generator based on an "anti-reflection" coated double…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-06-07 Swarnadip Mukherjee , Pankaj Priyadarshi , Bhaskaran Muralidharan

MoS2 nanostructures are promising catalysts for proton-exchange-membrane (PEM) electrolyzers to replace expensive noble metals. Their broadscale application demands high activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) as well as robust…

Disordered quantum networks, as those describing light-harvesting complexes, are often characterized by the presence of antenna structures where the light is captured and inner structures (reaction centers) where the excitation is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-08-10 Giulio G. Giusteri , G. Luca Celardo , Fausto Borgonovi

Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructuring is a versatile methodology for designing nanoarchitecture catalytic systems that allow for reconstruction and modulation of interfaces and electronic structures. However, catalysts with such structures…

Converting CO$_2$ to useful compounds through the solar photocatalytic reduction has been one of the most promising strategies for artificial carbon recycling. The highly relevant photocatalytic substrate for CO$_2$ conversion has been the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Shijing Tan , Yan Zhao , Jin Zhao , Zhuo Wang , Chuanxu Ma , Aidi Zhao , Bing Wang , Yi Luo , Jinlong Yang , Jianguo Hou

For decades of catalysis research, the d-band center theory that correlates the d-band center and the adsorbate binding energy has successfully enabled the accelerated discovery of novel catalyst materials. Recent studies indicate that, on…