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Knowledge Graph (KG) can effectively integrate valuable information from massive data, and thus has been rapidly developed and widely used in many fields. Traditional KG construction methods rely on manual annotation, which often consumes a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Qiubai Zhu , Qingwang Wang , Haibin Yuan , Wei Chen , Tao Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been equipped with safety mechanisms to prevent harmful outputs, but these guardrails can often be bypassed through "jailbreak" prompts. This paper introduces a novel graph-based approach to systematically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Sinan He , An Wang

Much of human knowledge in cybersecurity is encapsulated within the ever-growing volume of scientific papers. As this textual data continues to expand, the importance of document organization methods becomes increasingly crucial for…

Large language models (LLMs) are improving at an exceptional rate. However, these models are still susceptible to jailbreak attacks, which are becoming increasingly dangerous as models become increasingly powerful. In this work, we…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by advancing natural language understanding and generation, enabling applications across fields beyond healthcare, software engineering, and conversational systems.…

In deployment and application, large language models (LLMs) typically undergo safety alignment to prevent illegal and unethical outputs. However, the continuous advancement of jailbreak attack techniques, designed to bypass safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Chuhan Zhang , Ye Zhang , Bowen Shi , Yuyou Gan , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji , Dazhan Deng , Yingcai Wu

Jailbreaking in Large Language Models (LLMs) is a major security concern as it can deceive LLMs to generate harmful text. Yet, there is still insufficient understanding of how jailbreaking works, which makes it hard to develop effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Lang Gao , Jiahui Geng , Xiangliang Zhang , Preslav Nakov , Xiuying Chen

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in executing complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they are susceptible to jailbreak attacks and can be manipulated to produce harmful outputs. Recently, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Zhao Xu , Fan Liu , Hao Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive capabilities in text understanding and zero-shot reasoning. However, delays in knowledge updates may cause them to reason incorrectly or produce harmful results. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) provide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Tu Ao , Yanhua Yu , Yuling Wang , Yang Deng , Zirui Guo , Liang Pang , Pinghui Wang , Tat-Seng Chua , Xiao Zhang , Zhen Cai

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by retrieving external data to mitigate hallucinations and outdated knowledge issues. Benefiting from the strong ability in facilitating diverse data sources and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Tianzhe Zhao , Jiaoyan Chen , Yanchi Ru , Haiping Zhu , Nan Hu , Jun Liu , Qika Lin

Narrative data spans all disciplines and provides a coherent model of the world to the reader or viewer. Recent advancement in machine learning and Large Language Models (LLMs) have enable great strides in analyzing natural language.…

Jailbreak attacks, where harmful prompts bypass generative models' built-in safety, raise serious concerns about model vulnerability. While many defense methods have been proposed, the trade-offs between safety and helpfulness, and their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Zhuohang Long , Siyuan Wang , Shujun Liu , Yuhang Lai , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Jailbreaks on large language models (LLMs) have recently received increasing attention. For a comprehensive assessment of LLM safety, it is essential to consider jailbreaks with diverse attributes, such as contextual coherence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Xingang Guo , Fangxu Yu , Huan Zhang , Lianhui Qin , Bin Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass their safety mechanisms. Existing attack methods are fixed or specifically tailored for certain models and cannot flexibly adjust attack strength, which is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yiting Dong , Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Xiang He , Yi Zeng

The vulnerability of Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) to jailbreak attacks appears as no surprise. However, recent defense mechanisms against these attacks have reached near-saturation performance on benchmark evaluations, often with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Yangyang Guo , Fangkai Jiao , Liqiang Nie , Mohan Kankanhalli

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) store structured factual knowledge by linking entities through relationships, crucial for many applications. These applications depend on the KG's factual accuracy, so verifying facts is essential, yet challenging.…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Farzad Shami , Stefano Marchesin , Gianmaria Silvello

The challenge of ensuring Large Language Models (LLMs) align with societal standards is of increasing interest, as these models are still prone to adversarial jailbreaks that bypass their safety mechanisms. Identifying these vulnerabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Mohammad Akbar-Tajari , Mohammad Taher Pilehvar , Mohammad Mahmoody

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in the field of natural language processing. Unfortunately, LLMs face significant security and ethical risks. Although techniques such as safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qingsong Zou , Jingyu Xiao , Qing Li , Zhi Yan , Yuhang Wang , Li Xu , Wenxuan Wang , Kuofeng Gao , Ruoyu Li , Yong Jiang

Large Language Models have found success in a variety of applications. However, their safety remains a concern due to the existence of various jailbreaking methods. Despite significant efforts, alignment and safety fine-tuning only provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Darpan Aswal , Céline Hudelot

Jailbreaking attacks can enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to bypass the safeguard and generate harmful content. Existing jailbreaking defense methods have failed to address the fundamental issue that harmful knowledge resides within the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Weikai Lu , Ziqian Zeng , Jianwei Wang , Zhengdong Lu , Zelin Chen , Huiping Zhuang , Cen Chen