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Nowadays we are witnessing a transformation of the business processes towards a more computation driven approach. The ever increasing usage of Machine Learning techniques is the clearest example of such trend. This sort of revolution is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Giorgio Visani , Enrico Bagli , Federico Chesani , Alessandro Poluzzi , Davide Capuzzo

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models on downstream tasks with varying random seeds has been shown to be unstable, especially on small datasets. Many previous studies have investigated this instability and proposed methods to mitigate it.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yupei Du , Dong Nguyen

Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in generating code snippets directly from problem statements. This increasingly automated process mirrors traditional human-led software development, where code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Noble Saji Mathews , Meiyappan Nagappan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in settings where reasoning, such as multi-step problem solving and chain-of-thought, is essential. Yet, current evaluation practices overwhelmingly report single-run accuracy while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Nearchos Potamitis , Lars Klein , Akhil Arora

This study evaluates the efficiency of code generation by Large Language Models (LLMs) and measures their performance against human-crafted solutions using a dataset from Leetcode. We compare 18 LLMs, considering factors such as model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Tristan Coignion , Clément Quinton , Romain Rouvoy

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various software engineering tasks, such as code generation and debugging, because of their ability to translate between programming languages and natural languages.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Wenqing Zhu , Norihiro Yoshida , Eunjong Choi , Yutaka Matsubara , Hiroaki Takada

Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate defective outputs in code generation tasks, ranging from logical bugs to security vulnerabilities. While these generation failures are often treated as model-level limitations, empirical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Kaifeng He , Xiaojun Zhang , Peiliang Cai , Mingwei Liu , Yanlin Wang , Chong Wang , Kaifeng Huang , Bihuan Chen , Xin Peng , Zibin Zheng

To enhance the reproducibility and reliability of deep learning models, we address a critical gap in current training methodologies: the lack of mechanisms that ensure consistent and robust performance across runs. Our empirical analysis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Waqas Ahmed , Sheeba Samuel , Kevin Coakley , Birgitta Koenig-Ries , Odd Erik Gundersen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in code generation tasks. However, there remains a performance gap between open-source and closed-source models. To address this gap, existing approaches typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Weijie Lv , Xuan Xia , Sheng-Jun Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly Code LLMs, have demonstrated impressive performance in code generation. Current research primarily focuses on the correctness of generated code, while efficiency remains less explored. Recent works…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Tong Ye , Weigang Huang , Xuhong Zhang , Tengfei Ma , Peiyu Liu , Jianwei Yin , Wenhai Wang

This study examined code issue detection and revision automation by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4o into software development workflows. A static code analysis framework detects issues such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Seyed Moein Abtahi , Akramul Azim

In the past few years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have exploded in usefulness and popularity for code generation tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with accuracy and are unsuitable for high-risk applications without additional oversight…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-29 William Murphy , Nikolaus Holzer , Feitong Qiao , Leyi Cui , Raven Rothkopf , Nathan Koenig , Mark Santolucito

In this paper, we present a challenging code reasoning task: vulnerability detection. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in natural-language and math reasoning, but state-of-the-art (SOTA) models reported only 54.5%…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Benjamin Steenhoek , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Monoshi Kumar Roy , Mirza Sanjida Alam , Hengbo Tong , Swarna Das , Earl T. Barr , Wei Le

As stability testing execution logs can be very long, software engineers need help in locating anomalous events. We develop and evaluate two models for scoring individual log-events for anomalousness, namely an N-Gram model and a Deep…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Mika Mäntylä , Martín Varela , Shayan Hashemi

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has established standardized evaluation benchmarks as the primary instrument for model comparison. Yet, their reliability is increasingly questioned due to sensitivity to shallow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Bogdan Kostić , Conor Fallon , Julian Risch , Alexander Löser

Benchmarks are often used as a standard to understand LLM capabilities in different domains. However, aggregate benchmark scores provide limited insight into compositional skill gaps of LLMs and how to improve them. To make these weaknesses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Sungeun An , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Shailja Thakur , Chad DeLuca , Hima Patel

Modern software relies on a multitude of automated testing and quality assurance tools to prevent errors, bugs and potential vulnerabilities. This study sets out to provide a head-to-head, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of six…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Damian Gnieciak , Tomasz Szandala

Machine learning (ML) represents an efficient and popular approach for network traffic classification. However, network traffic classification is a challenging domain, and trained models may degrade soon after deployment due to the obsolete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Dominik Soukup , Richard Plný , Daniel Vašata , Tomáš Čejka

Researchers are increasingly using language models (LMs) for text annotation. These approaches rely only on a prompt telling the model to return a given output according to a set of instructions. The reproducibility of LM outputs may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Christopher Barrie , Elli Palaiologou , Petter Törnberg

Signal temporal logic (STL) was introduced for monitoring temporal properties of continuous-time signals for continuous and hybrid systems. Differential dynamic logic (dL) was introduced to reason about the end states of a hybrid program.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Hammad Ahmad , Jean-Baptiste Jeannin
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