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The promise of LLM-based user simulators to improve conversational AI is hindered by a critical "realism gap," leading to systems that are optimized for simulated interactions, but may fail to perform well in the real world. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Ofer Meshi , Krisztian Balog , Sally Goldman , Avi Caciularu , Guy Tennenholtz , Jihwan Jeong , Amir Globerson , Craig Boutilier

Building efficient architecture in neural speech processing is paramount to success in keyword spotting deployment. However, it is very challenging for lightweight models to achieve noise robustness with concise neural operations. In a…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Dianwen Ng , Yunqi Chen , Biao Tian , Qiang Fu , Eng Siong Chng

A picture is worth a thousand words, thus, it is crucial for conversational agents to understand, perceive, and effectively respond with pictures. However, we find that directly employing conventional image generation techniques is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Xiaowen Sun , Jiazhan Feng , Yuxuan Wang , Yuxuan Lai , Xingyu Shen , Dongyan Zhao

In this paper we propose a neural conversation model for conducting dialogues. We demonstrate the use of this model to generate help desk responses, where users are asking questions about PC applications. Our model is distinguished by two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-07 Kaisheng Yao , Baolin Peng , Geoffrey Zweig , Kam-Fai Wong

Large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to interact with external environments (e.g., games, compilers, APIs) as goal-driven agents. However, it remains challenging for these language agents to quickly and efficiently learn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Noah Shinn , Federico Cassano , Edward Berman , Ashwin Gopinath , Karthik Narasimhan , Shunyu Yao

Language understanding (LU) and dialogue policy learning are two essential components in conversational systems. Human-human dialogues are not well-controlled and often random and unpredictable due to their own goals and speaking habits.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Ta-Chung Chi , Po-Chun Chen , Shang-Yu Su , Yun-Nung Chen

Training large language representation models has become a standard in the natural language processing community. This allows for fine tuning on any number of specific tasks, however, these large high capacity models can continue to train…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Kristjan Arumae , Parminder Bhatia

Understanding how speech foundation models capture non-verbal cues is crucial for improving their interpretability and adaptability across diverse tasks. In our work, we analyze several prominent models such as Whisper, Seamless, Wav2Vec,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Abdul Waheed , Hanin Atwany , Bhiksha Raj , Rita Singh

The advent of increasingly powerful language models has raised expectations for language-based interactions. However, controlling these models is a challenge, emphasizing the need to be able to investigate the feasibility and value of their…

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have demonstrated immense potential in autonomous driving (AD) by offering human-like reasoning and open-world generalization. However, the excessive computational overhead and high…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruoyu Yao , Ruiguo Zhong , Pei Liu , Mingxing Peng , Rui Yang , Jun Ma

Humans build shared spatial understanding by communicating partial, viewpoint-dependent observations. We ask whether Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) can do the same, aligning distinct egocentric views through dialogue to form a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ankur Sikarwar , Debangan Mishra , Sudarshan Nikhil , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Aishwarya Agrawal

We present Voxtral Mini and Voxtral Small, two multimodal audio chat models. Voxtral is trained to comprehend both spoken audio and text documents, achieving state-of-the-art performance across a diverse range of audio benchmarks, while…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Alexander H. Liu , Andy Ehrenberg , Andy Lo , Clément Denoix , Corentin Barreau , Guillaume Lample , Jean-Malo Delignon , Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Patrick von Platen , Pavankumar Reddy Muddireddy , Sanchit Gandhi , Soham Ghosh , Srijan Mishra , Thomas Foubert , Abhinav Rastogi , Adam Yang , Albert Q. Jiang , Alexandre Sablayrolles , Amélie Héliou , Amélie Martin , Anmol Agarwal , Antoine Roux , Arthur Darcet , Arthur Mensch , Baptiste Bout , Baptiste Rozière , Baudouin De Monicault , Chris Bamford , Christian Wallenwein , Christophe Renaudin , Clémence Lanfranchi , Darius Dabert , Devendra Singh Chaplot , Devon Mizelle , Diego de las Casas , Elliot Chane-Sane , Emilien Fugier , Emma Bou Hanna , Gabrielle Berrada , Gauthier Delerce , Gauthier Guinet , Georgii Novikov , Guillaume Martin , Himanshu Jaju , Jan Ludziejewski , Jason Rute , Jean-Hadrien Chabran , Jessica Chudnovsky , Joachim Studnia , Joep Barmentlo , Jonas Amar , Josselin Somerville Roberts , Julien Denize , Karan Saxena , Karmesh Yadav , Kartik Khandelwal , Kush Jain , Lélio Renard Lavaud , Léonard Blier , Lingxiao Zhao , Louis Martin , Lucile Saulnier , Luyu Gao , Marie Pellat , Mathilde Guillaumin , Mathis Felardos , Matthieu Dinot , Maxime Darrin , Maximilian Augustin , Mickaël Seznec , Neha Gupta , Nikhil Raghuraman , Olivier Duchenne , Patricia Wang , Patryk Saffer , Paul Jacob , Paul Wambergue , Paula Kurylowicz , Philomène Chagniot , Pierre Stock , Pravesh Agrawal , Rémi Delacourt , Romain Sauvestre , Roman Soletskyi , Sagar Vaze , Sandeep Subramanian , Saurabh Garg , Shashwat Dalal , Siddharth Gandhi , Sumukh Aithal , Szymon Antoniak , Teven Le Scao , Thibault Schueller , Thibaut Lavril , Thomas Robert , Thomas Wang , Timothée Lacroix , Tom Bewley , Valeriia Nemychnikova , Victor Paltz , Virgile Richard , Wen-Ding Li , William Marshall , Xuanyu Zhang , Yihan Wan , Yunhao Tang

Large Language Model (LLM)-enhanced agents become increasingly prevalent in Human-AI communication, offering vast potential from entertainment to professional domains. However, current multi-modal dialogue systems overlook the acoustic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Haoqiu Yan , Yongxin Zhu , Kai Zheng , Bing Liu , Haoyu Cao , Deqiang Jiang , Linli Xu

Designing machine intelligence to converse with a human user necessarily requires an understanding of how humans participate in conversation, and thus conversation modeling is an important task in natural language processing. New…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Sean Paulsen

Empathy is a critical factor in fostering positive user experiences in conversational AI. While models can display empathy, it is often generic rather than tailored to specific tasks and contexts. In this work, we introduce a novel…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Erfan Shayegani , Jina Suh , Andy Wilson , Nagu Rangan , Javier Hernandez

In this work, we present Covo-Audio, a 7B-parameter end-to-end LALM that directly processes continuous audio inputs and generates audio outputs within a single unified architecture. Through large-scale curated pretraining and targeted…

Real-world data analysis tasks often come with under-specified goals and unclean data. User interaction is necessary to understand and disambiguate a user's intent, and hence, essential to solving these complex tasks. Existing benchmarks…

Large Language Models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in open-domain dialogues. However, current methods exhibit suboptimal performance in service dialogues, as they rely on noisy, low-quality human conversation data. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yuqin Dai , Ning Gao , Wei Zhang , Jie Wang , Zichen Luo , Jinpeng Wang , Yujie Wang , Ruiyuan Wu , Chaozheng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle to learn from corrective feedback within a conversational context. They are rarely proactive in soliciting this feedback, even when faced with ambiguity, which can make their dialogues feel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Jonathan Cook , Diego Antognini , Martin Klissarov , Claudiu Musat , Edward Grefenstette

Large language models (LLMs) deliver impressive capabilities but incur substantial inference latency and cost, which hinders their deployment in latency-sensitive and resource-constrained scenarios. Cloud-edge-device collaborative inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Haoyu Qiao , Hao Zhang , Shanwen Mao , Siyao Cheng , Jie Liu