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End-to-end autonomous driving has gained significant attention for its potential to learn robust behavior in interactive scenarios and scale with data. Popular architectures often build on separate modules for perception and planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 David Holtz , Niklas Hanselmann , Simon Doll , Marius Cordts , Bernt Schiele

Despite large advances in recent years, real-time capable motion planning for autonomous road vehicles remains a huge challenge. In this work, we present a decision module that is based on set-based reachability analysis: First, we identify…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Niklas Kochdumper , Stanley Bak

Trajectory planning is vital for autonomous driving, ensuring safe and efficient navigation in complex environments. While recent learning-based methods, particularly reinforcement learning (RL), have shown promise in specific scenarios, RL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Dongkun Zhang , Jiaming Liang , Ke Guo , Sha Lu , Qi Wang , Rong Xiong , Zhenwei Miao , Yue Wang

Autonomous vehicles face significant challenges in navigating adverse weather, particularly rain, due to the visual impairment of camera-based systems. In this study, we leveraged contemporary deep learning techniques to mitigate these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Mark A. Seferian , Jidong J. Yang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models are effective as end-to-end motion planners, but can be brittle when evaluated in closed-loop settings due to being trained under traditional imitation learning framework. Existing closed-loop supervision…

Modern autonomous driving system is characterized as modular tasks in sequential order, i.e., perception, prediction, and planning. In order to perform a wide diversity of tasks and achieve advanced-level intelligence, contemporary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Yihan Hu , Jiazhi Yang , Li Chen , Keyu Li , Chonghao Sima , Xizhou Zhu , Siqi Chai , Senyao Du , Tianwei Lin , Wenhai Wang , Lewei Lu , Xiaosong Jia , Qiang Liu , Jifeng Dai , Yu Qiao , Hongyang Li

Autonomous vehicles require accurate and reliable short-term trajectory predictions for safe and efficient driving. While most commercial automated vehicles currently use state machine-based algorithms for trajectory forecasting, recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Sushil Sharma , Ganesh Sistu , Lucie Yahiaoui , Arindam Das , Mark Halton , Ciarán Eising

We present Pylot, a platform for autonomous vehicle (AV) research and development, built with the goal to allow researchers to study the effects of the latency and accuracy of their models and algorithms on the end-to-end driving behavior…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Ionel Gog , Sukrit Kalra , Peter Schafhalter , Matthew A. Wright , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Ion Stoica

End-to-end autonomous driving has advanced significantly, offering benefits such as system simplicity and stronger driving performance in both open-loop and closed-loop settings than conventional pipelines. However, existing frameworks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Wei Liu , Jiyuan Zhang , Binxiong Zheng , Yufeng Hu , Yingzhan Lin , Zengfeng Zeng

Significant progress has been made in training multimodal trajectory forecasting models for autonomous driving. However, effectively integrating these models with downstream planners and model-based control approaches is still an open…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Adam Villaflor , Brian Yang , Huangyuan Su , Katerina Fragkiadaki , John Dolan , Jeff Schneider

Automated driving has the potential to revolutionize personal, public, and freight mobility. Beside accurately perceiving the environment, automated vehicles must plan a safe, comfortable, and efficient motion trajectory. To promote safety…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Steffen Hagedorn , Marcel Hallgarten , Martin Stoll , Alexandru Condurache

Learning contextual and spatial environmental representations enhances autonomous vehicle's hazard anticipation and decision-making in complex scenarios. Recent perception systems enhance spatial understanding with sensor fusion but often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Shoaib Azam , Farzeen Munir , Ville Kyrki , Moongu Jeon , Witold Pedrycz

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into autonomous driving has attracted significant attention with the hope of improving generalization and explainability. However, existing methods often focus on either driving or vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Katrin Renz , Long Chen , Elahe Arani , Oleg Sinavski

Autonomous-driving research has recently embraced deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a promising framework for data-driven decision making, yet a clear picture of how these algorithms are currently employed, benchmarked and evaluated is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Elahe Delavari , Feeza Khan Khanzada , Jaerock Kwon

We challenge the perceived consensus that the application of deep learning to solve the automated driving planning task necessarily requires huge amounts of real-world data or highly realistic simulation. Focusing on a roundabout scenario,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Martin Stoll , Markus Mazzola , Maxim Dolgov , Jürgen Mathes , Nicolas Möser

Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in autonomous driving, with systems evolving from modular pipelines to end-to-end architectures. However, most existing methods are trained offline and lack mechanisms to adapt to new…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Jiayue Jin , Lang Qian , Jingyu Zhang , Chuanyu Ju , Liang Song

Achieving human-like driving behaviors in complex open-world environments is a critical challenge in autonomous driving. Contemporary learning-based planning approaches such as imitation learning methods often struggle to balance competing…

Imitation learning is becoming more and more successful for autonomous driving. End-to-end (raw signal to command) performs well on relatively simple tasks (lane keeping and navigation). Mid-to-mid (environment abstraction to mid-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Thibault Buhet , Emilie Wirbel , Xavier Perrotton

Decision-making and motion planning constitute critical components for ensuring the safety and efficiency of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Existing methodologies typically adopt two paradigms: decision then planning or generation then scoring.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Ruoyu Yao , Yubin Wang , Haichao Liu , Rui Yang , Zengqi Peng , Lei Zhu , Jun Ma

Although planning is a crucial component of the autonomous driving stack, researchers have yet to develop robust planning algorithms that are capable of safely handling the diverse range of possible driving scenarios. Learning-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-02 S P Sharan , Francesco Pittaluga , Vijay Kumar B G , Manmohan Chandraker