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The process of screening molecules for desirable properties is a key step in several applications, ranging from drug discovery to material design. During the process of drug discovery specifically, protein-ligand docking, or chemical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Ryien Hosseini , Filippo Simini , Austin Clyde , Arvind Ramanathan

Accurately predicting drug-target binding affinity (DTA) in silico is a key task in drug discovery. Most of the conventional DTA prediction methods are simulation-based, which rely heavily on domain knowledge or the assumption of having the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Xuan Lin

As the size of accessible compound libraries expands to over 10 billion, the need for more efficient structure-based virtual screening methods is emerging. Different pre-screening methods have been developed for rapid screening, but there…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-07 Seonghwan Seo , Woo Youn Kim

Predicting how a drug-like molecule binds to a specific protein target is a core problem in drug discovery. An extremely fast computational binding method would enable key applications such as fast virtual screening or drug engineering.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-07 Hannes Stärk , Octavian-Eugen Ganea , Lagnajit Pattanaik , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

In recent years machine learning (ML) took bio- and cheminformatics fields by storm, providing new solutions for a vast repertoire of problems related to protein sequence, structure, and interactions analysis. ML techniques, deep neural…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-31 Marta M. Stepniewska-Dziubinska , Piotr Zielenkiewicz , Pawel Siedlecki

Identifying novel drug-target interactions (DTI) is a critical and rate limiting step in drug discovery. While deep learning models have been proposed to accelerate the identification process, we show that state-of-the-art models fail to…

Virtual screening of small molecules against protein targets can accelerate drug discovery and development by predicting drug-target interactions (DTIs). However, structure-based methods like molecular docking are too slow to allow for…

Protein (receptor)--ligand interaction prediction is a critical component in computer-aided drug design, significantly influencing molecular docking and virtual screening processes. Despite the development of numerous scoring functions in…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-22 Haoyu Lin , Shiwei Wang , Jintao Zhu , Yibo Li , Jianfeng Pei , Luhua Lai

Virtual screening (VS) is a critical component of modern drug discovery, yet most existing methods--whether physics-based or deep learning-based--are developed around holo protein structures with known ligand-bound pockets. Consequently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Wenyu Zhu , Jianhui Wang , Bowen Gao , Yinjun Jia , Haichuan Tan , Ya-Qin Zhang , Wei-Ying Ma , Yanyan Lan

Structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) is a key workflow in computational drug discovery. SBVS models are assessed by measuring the enrichment of known active molecules over decoys in retrospective screens. However, the standard formula…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-18 Michael Brocidiacono , Konstantin I. Popov , Alexander Tropsha

Structure-based drug discovery faces the dual challenge of accurately capturing 3D protein-ligand interactions while navigating ultra-large chemical spaces to identify synthetically accessible candidates. In this work, we present a unified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Carles Navarro , Philipp Tholke , Gianni de Fabritiis

Drug development is a wide scientific field that faces many challenges these days. Among them are extremely high development costs, long development times, as well as a low number of new drugs that are approved each year. To solve these…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-08 Christoph Gorgulla

Despite recent advances in protein-ligand structure prediction, deep learning methods remain limited in their ability to accurately predict binding affinities, particularly for novel protein targets dissimilar from the training set. In…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-04 Michael Brocidiacono , James Wellnitz , Konstantin I. Popov , Alexander Tropsha

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) leverages the three-dimensional geometry of proteins to identify potential drug candidates. Traditional approaches, rooted in physicochemical modeling and domain expertise, are often resource-intensive.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-19 Zaixi Zhang , Jiaxian Yan , Yining Huang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen , Mengdi Wang , Marinka Zitnik

Structure-based drug design (SBDD), which aims to generate 3D ligand molecules binding to target proteins, is a fundamental task in drug discovery. Existing SBDD methods typically treat protein as rigid and neglect protein structural change…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-01 Zaixi Zhang , Mengdi Wang , Qi Liu

Virtual screening plays a critical role in modern drug discovery by enabling the identification of promising candidate molecules for experimental validation. Traditional machine learning methods such, as Support Vector Machines (SVM) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Radia Berreziga , Mohammed Brahimi , Khairedine Kraim , Hamid Azzoune

Structure-based virtual screening aims to identify high-affinity ligands by estimating binding free energies between proteins and small molecules. However, the conformational flexibility of both proteins and ligands challenges conventional…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-15 Pei-Kun Yang

The first step in drug discovery is finding drug molecule moieties with medicinal activity against specific targets. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the interaction between drug-target proteins and small chemical molecules. However,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-15 Boyuan Liu

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a method that learns the data representation by utilizing supervision inherent in the data. This learning method is in the spotlight in the drug field, lacking annotated data due to time-consuming and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-08-19 Kisung Moon , Sunyoung Kwon

Learning effective protein representations is critical in a variety of tasks in biology such as predicting protein functions. Recent sequence representation learning methods based on Protein Language Models (PLMs) excel in sequence-based…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-19 Zuobai Zhang , Chuanrui Wang , Minghao Xu , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Aurélie Lozano , Payel Das , Jian Tang