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Wireless goal-oriented semantic communication (GSC) has emerged as a promising paradigm by directly optimizing task performance. However, existing GSC frameworks typically operate on entire images and rely on labeled data for classification…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Zhitong Ni , Yansha Deng , Jinhong Yuan

To truly understand vision models, we must not only interpret their learned features but also validate these interpretations through controlled experiments. While earlier work offers either rich semantics or direct control, few post-hoc…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Samuel Stevens , Wei-Lun Chao , Tanya Berger-Wolf , Yu Su

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in sensitive domains, traditional data privacy measures prove inadequate for protecting information that is implicit, contextual, or inferable - what we define as semantic privacy.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Baihe Ma , Yanna Jiang , Xu Wang , Guangsheng Yu , Qin Wang , Caijun Sun , Chen Li , Xuelei Qi , Ying He , Wei Ni , Ren Ping Liu

Multilayer-perceptrons (MLP) are known to struggle with learning functions of high-frequencies, and in particular cases with wide frequency bands. We present a spatially adaptive progressive encoding (SAPE) scheme for input signals of MLP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Amir Hertz , Or Perel , Raja Giryes , Olga Sorkine-Hornung , Daniel Cohen-Or

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used for task understanding and action planning in embodied intelligence (EI) systems, but their adoption substantially increases vulnerability to jailbreak attacks. While recent work explores…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Jirui Yang , Zheyu Lin , Zhihui Lu , Yinggui Wang , Lei Wang , Tao Wei , Qiang Duan , Xin Du , Shuhan Yang

The proliferation of open-source code and large language models (LLMs) for code generation has amplified the risks of unauthorized reuse and intellectual property infringement. Source code watermarking offers a potential solution, yet…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Rui Xu , Jiawei Chen , Weizhi Liu , Zhaoxia Yin , Cong Kong , Xinpeng Zhang

Questions of fair use of copyright-protected content to train Large Language Models (LLMs) are being actively debated. Document-level inference has been proposed as a new task: inferring from black-box access to the trained model whether a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Matthieu Meeus , Igor Shilov , Manuel Faysse , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye

Sparse dictionary learning (and, in particular, sparse autoencoders) attempts to learn a set of human-understandable concepts that can explain variation on an abstract space. A basic limitation of this approach is that it neither exploits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mark Muchane , Sean Richardson , Kiho Park , Victor Veitch

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to optimization-based jailbreak attacks that exploit internal gradient structure. While Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) are widely used for interpretability, their robustness implications remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Ahson Saiyed , Sabrina Sadiekh , Chirag Agarwal

Sparse coding algorithm is an learning algorithm mainly for unsupervised feature for finding succinct, a little above high - level Representation of inputs, and it has successfully given a way for Deep learning. Our objective is to use High…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-08 R. Vidya , Dr. G. M. Nasira , R. P. Jaia Priyankka

Translating the internal representations and computations of models into concepts that humans can understand is a key goal of interpretability. While recent dictionary learning methods such as Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) provide a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Usha Bhalla , Alex Oesterling , Claudio Mayrink Verdun , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Flavio P. Calmon

Large language models (LLMs) excel at handling human queries, but they can occasionally generate flawed or unexpected responses. Understanding their internal states is crucial for understanding their successes, diagnosing their failures,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Xuansheng Wu , Jiayi Yuan , Wenlin Yao , Xiaoming Zhai , Ninghao Liu

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a popular tool for interpreting the hidden states of large language models (LLMs). By learning to reconstruct activations from a sparse bottleneck layer, SAEs discover interpretable features from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Matthew Lyle Olson , Musashi Hinck , Neale Ratzlaff , Changbai Li , Phillip Howard , Vasudev Lal , Shao-Yen Tseng

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are commonly used to interpret the internal activations of large language models (LLMs) by mapping them to human-interpretable concept representations. While existing evaluations of SAEs focus on metrics such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Aaron J. Li , Suraj Srinivas , Usha Bhalla , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer extensive knowledge across various domains, but they may inadvertently memorize sensitive, unauthorized, or malicious data, such as personal information in the medical and financial sectors. Machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 YuXuan Wu , Bonaventure F. P. Dossou , Dianbo Liu

Recent work shows that Sparse Autoencoders (SAE) applied to large language model (LLM) layers have neurons corresponding to interpretable concepts. These SAE neurons can be modified to align generated outputs, but only towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ananya Joshi , Celia Cintas , Skyler Speakman

In this article, we introduce 'Internalized Self-Correction' (InSeC) for large language models (LLMs). While many approaches exist for self-reflection at inference time, we propose a novel method that combines ideas from negative sampling,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Nishanth Upadhyaya , Raghavendra Sridharamurthy

The linear representation hypothesis states that neural network activations encode high-level concepts as linear mixtures. However, under superposition, this encoding is a projection from a higher-dimensional concept space into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Vitória Barin Pacela , Shruti Joshi , Isabela Camacho , Simon Lacoste-Julien , David Klindt

Semi-supervised learning is the problem of training an accurate predictive model by combining a small labeled dataset with a presumably much larger unlabeled dataset. Many methods for semi-supervised deep learning have been developed,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Sumeet Menon , David Chapman

Sparse Autoencoder (SAE) has emerged as a powerful tool for mechanistic interpretability of large language models. Recent works apply SAE to protein language models (PLMs), aiming to extract and analyze biologically meaningful features from…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-21 Xiangyu Liu , Haodi Lei , Yi Liu , Yang Liu , Wei Hu
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