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In this paper, we demonstrate that CLIP can also be adapted to downstream tasks where its vision-language alignment is suboptimally learned during pre-training on web-crawled data, all without requiring fine-tuning. We explore the case of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Sohee Kim , Jisu Kang , Dunam Kim , Seokju Lee

Multimodal contrastive pretraining has been used to train multimodal representation models, such as CLIP, on large amounts of paired image-text data. However, previous studies have revealed that such models are vulnerable to backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Hritik Bansal , Nishad Singhi , Yu Yang , Fan Yin , Aditya Grover , Kai-Wei Chang

We present Distill CLIP (DCLIP), a fine-tuned variant of the CLIP model that enhances multimodal image-text retrieval while preserving the original model's strong zero-shot classification capabilities. CLIP models are typically constrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Daniel Csizmadia , Andrei Codreanu , Victor Sim , Vighnesh Prabhu , Michael Lu , Kevin Zhu , Sean O'Brien , Vasu Sharma

CLIP has shown promising performance across many short-text tasks in a zero-shot manner. However, limited by the input length of the text encoder, CLIP struggles on under-stream tasks with long-text inputs ($>77$ tokens). To remedy this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Bingchao Wang , Zhiwei Ning , Jianyu Ding , Xuanang Gao , Yin Li , Dongsheng Jiang , Jie Yang , Wei Liu

Typographic attacks exploit multi-modal systems by injecting text into images, leading to targeted misclassifications, malicious content generation and even Vision-Language Model jailbreaks. In this work, we analyze how CLIP vision encoders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Lorenz Hufe , Constantin Venhoff , Erblina Purelku , Maximilian Dreyer , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Wojciech Samek

In multimodal learning, CLIP has emerged as the de-facto approach for mapping different modalities into a shared latent space by bringing semantically similar representations closer while pushing apart dissimilar ones. However, CLIP-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Eleonora Grassucci , Giordano Cicchetti , Danilo Comminiello

Deep Learning (DL) is undergoing a paradigm shift with the emergence of foundation models. In this work, we focus on Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP), a Vision-Language foundation model that achieves high accuracy across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Angelos Zavras , Dimitrios Michail , Begüm Demir , Ioannis Papoutsis

Large-scale vision-language pre-training has achieved promising results on downstream tasks. Existing methods highly rely on the assumption that the image-text pairs crawled from the Internet are in perfect one-to-one correspondence.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Yuting Gao , Jinfeng Liu , Zihan Xu , Jun Zhang , Ke Li , Rongrong Ji , Chunhua Shen

Multimodal multilabel classification (MMC) is a challenging task that aims to design a learning algorithm to handle two data sources, the image and text, and learn a comprehensive semantic feature presentation across the modalities. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yanming Guo

The CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) model and its variants are becoming the de facto backbone in many applications. However, training a CLIP model from hundreds of millions of image-text pairs can be prohibitively expensive.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Liangliang Cao , Bowen Zhang , Chen Chen , Yinfei Yang , Xianzhi Du , Wencong Zhang , Zhiyun Lu , Yantao Zheng

The application of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) in Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) research powerful cross-modal semantic understanding capabilities. Existing methods attempt to optimize input text prompts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zhongxing Xu , Feilong Tang , Zhe Chen , Yingxue Su , Zhiyi Zhao , Ge Zhang , Jionglong Su , Zongyuan Ge

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) exhibits strong zero-shot classification ability on various image-level tasks, leading to the research to adapt CLIP for pixel-level open-vocabulary semantic segmentation without additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Lin Sun , Jiale Cao , Jin Xie , Xiaoheng Jiang , Yanwei Pang

Cross-modal alignment aims to map heterogeneous modalities into a shared latent space, as exemplified by models like CLIP, which benefit from large-scale image-text pretraining for strong recognition capabilities. However, when operating in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jiaxiang Liu , Yuan Wang , Jiawei Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Mingkun Xu , Zuozhu Liu

Unsupervised large-scale vision-language pre-training has shown promising advances on various downstream tasks. Existing methods often model the cross-modal interaction either via the similarity of the global feature of each modality which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Lewei Yao , Runhui Huang , Lu Hou , Guansong Lu , Minzhe Niu , Hang Xu , Xiaodan Liang , Zhenguo Li , Xin Jiang , Chunjing Xu

Despite its prevalent use in image-text matching tasks in a zero-shot manner, CLIP has been shown to be highly vulnerable to adversarial perturbations added onto images. Recent studies propose to finetune the vision encoder of CLIP with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Songlong Xing , Zhengyu Zhao , Nicu Sebe

Large-scale natural image-text datasets, especially those automatically collected from the web, often suffer from loose semantic alignment due to weak supervision, while medical datasets tend to have high cross-modal correlation but low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Shengzhu Yang , Jiawei Du , Shuai Lu , Weihang Zhang , Ningli Wang , Huiqi Li

In the contemporary digital landscape, multi-modal media manipulation has emerged as a significant societal threat, impacting the reliability and integrity of information dissemination. Current detection methodologies in this domain often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hang Wu , Ke Sun , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Fine-grained vision-language understanding requires precise alignment between visual content and linguistic descriptions, a capability that remains limited in current models, particularly in non-English settings. While models like CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chunyu Xie , Bin Wang , Fanjing Kong , Jincheng Li , Dawei Liang , Ji Ao , Dawei Leng , Yuhui Yin

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has demonstrated impressive capabilities in open-vocabulary classification. The class token in the image encoder is trained to capture the global features to distinguish different text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yuqi Lin , Minghao Chen , Kaipeng Zhang , Hengjia Li , Mingming Li , Zheng Yang , Dongqin Lv , Binbin Lin , Haifeng Liu , Deng Cai

Visual-language models such as CLIP provide powerful general-purpose representations, but their raw embeddings are not optimized for supervised classification, often exhibiting limited class separation and excessive dimensionality. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Matej Suchanek , Klara Janouskova , Ondrej Vasatko , Jiri Matas