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Functional magnetic composites capable of large deformation, load bearing, and multifunctional motion are essential for next-generation adaptive soft robots. Here, we present muscle-inspired magnetic actuators (MMA), additively manufactured…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Muhammad Bilal Khan , Florian Hofmann , Kilian Schäfer , Matthias Lutzi , Oliver Gutfleisch

Soft robots utilizing inflatable dielectric membranes can realize intricate functionalities through the application of non-mechanical fields. However, given the current limitations in simulations, including low computational efficiency and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-05-21 Zhaowei Liu , Mingchao Liu , K. Jimmy Hsia , Xiaonan Huang , Weicheng Huang

Variable stiffness actuator (VSA) designs are manifold. Conventional model-based control of these nonlinear systems is associated with high effort and design-dependent assumptions. In contrast, machine learning offers a promising…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-17 Tim-Lukas Habich , Sarah Kleinjohann , Moritz Schappler

Soft robots are distinguished by their flexibility and adaptability, allowing them to perform nearly impossible tasks for rigid robots. However, controlling their behavior is challenging due to their nonlinear material response and infinite…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Juan C. Osorio , Jhonatan S. Rincon , Harith Morgan , Andres F. Arrieta

Pneumatic soft everting robotic structures have the potential to facilitate human transfer tasks due to their ability to grow underneath humans without sliding friction and their utility as a flexible sling when deflated. Tubular structures…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 O. Godson Osele , Kentaro Barhydt , Teagan Sullivan , H. Harry Asada , Allison M. Okamura

While soft robot manipulators offer compelling advantages over rigid counterparts, including inherent compliance, safe human-robot interaction, and the ability to conform to complex geometries, accurate forward modeling from low-dimensional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Ziyong Ma , Uksang Yoo , Jonathan Francis , Weiming Zhi , Jeffrey Ichnowski , Jean Oh

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a promising solution for handling the complexity of fabricating soft robots. However, the AM of hyperelastic materials is still challenging with a limited material range. Within this work, pellet-based 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Nick Willemstein , Mohammad Ebrahim Imanian , Herman van der Kooij , Ali Sadeghi

Handed Shearing Auxetics (HSA) are a promising structure for making electrically driven robots with distributed compliance that convert a motors rotation and torque into extension and force. We overcame past limitations on the range of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Ian Good , Tosh Brown-Moore , Aditya Patil , Daniel Revier , Jeffrey Ian Lipton

Muscles of the human body are composed of tiny actuators made up of myosin and actin filaments. They can exert force in various shapes such as curved or flat, under contact forces and deformations from the environment. On the other hand,…

Soft robotics has emerged as a promising field with the potential to revolutionize industries such as healthcare and manufacturing. However, designing effective soft robots presents challenges, particularly in managing the complex interplay…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Wee Kiat Chan , PengWei Wang , Raye Chen-Hua Yeow

Due to their ability to move without sliding relative to their environment, soft growing robots are attractive for deploying distributed sensor networks in confined spaces. Sensing of the state of such robots would also add to their…

Stroke-induced motor impairment often results in substantial loss of upper-limb function, creating a strong demand for rehabilitation robots that enable safe and transparent physical human-robot interaction (pHRI). Variable stiffness…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Maozeng Zhang , Ke Shi , Huijun Li , Tongshu Chen , Jiejun Yan , Aiguo Song

Practical use of robotic manipulators made from soft materials requires generating and executing complex motions. We present the first approach for generating trajectories of a thermally-actuated soft robotic manipulator. Based on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Anthony Wertz , Andrew P. Sabelhaus , Carmel Majidi

There is a growing need for robots that can change their shape, size and mechanical properties to adapt to evolving tasks and environments. However, current shape-changing systems generally utilize bespoke, system-specific mechanisms that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Niklas Hagemann , Daniela Rus

Shape-morphing metamaterials enable adaptive structures capable of complex functional deformations, with applications ranging from reconfigurable structures and soft robotics to medical devices. However, their design remains challenging due…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jipeng Cui , Wei "Wayne" Chen

Simulating deformable objects under rich interactions remains a fundamental challenge for real-to-sim robot manipulation, with dynamics jointly driven by environmental effects and robot actions. Existing simulators rely on predefined…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Mu Huang , Hui Wang , Kerui Ren , Linning Xu , Yunsong Zhou , Mulin Yu , Bo Dai , Jiangmiao Pang

Autonomous deployment and shape reconfiguration of structures is a crucial field of research in space exploration with emerging applications in the automotive, building and biomedical industries. Challenges in achieving autonomy include:…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-11-02 Tian Chen , Kristina Shea

Classical rigid-bodied robotic systems are presented with proven success in theoretical development and industrial applications, are recently challenged by the emergence of soft robotics due to a growing need in physical human-robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Yaohui Chen , Sing Le , Qiao Chu Tan , Oscar Lau , Fang Wan , Chaoyang Song

Soft electrothermal actuators are of great interest in diverse application domains for their simplicity, compliance, and ease of control. However, the very nature of thermally induced mechanical actuation sets inherent operation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Hanseong Jo , Pavel Shafirin , Christopher Le , Caden Chan , Artur Davoyan

Soft robots, particularly magnetic soft robots, require specialized simulation tools to accurately model their deformation under external magnetic fields. However, existing platforms often lack dedicated support for magnetic materials,…