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A central challenge in quantum computing is to identify more computational problems for which utilization of quantum resources can offer significant speedup. Here, we propose a hybrid quantum-classical scheme to tackle the quantum optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-19 Jun Li , Xiaodong Yang , Xinhua Peng , Chang-Pu Sun

We present novel algorithms to estimate outcomes for qubit quantum circuits. Notably, these methods can simulate a Clifford circuit in linear time without ever writing down stabilizer states explicitly. These algorithms outperform previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Patrick Rall , Daniel Liang , Jeremy Cook , William Kretschmer

It is one of the most fundamental objectives in quantum information science to understand the boundary between the computational power of classical and quantum computers. One possible avenue to explore this boundary is to identify classes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Christophe Piveteau

The exploration of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms and programming models on noisy near-term quantum hardware has begun. As hybrid programs scale towards classical intractability, validation and benchmarking are critical to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Alexander McCaskey , Eugene Dumitrescu , Mengsu Chen , Dmitry Lyakh , Travis S. Humble

It is imperative that useful quantum computers be very difficult to simulate classically; otherwise classical computers could be used for the applications envisioned for the quantum ones. Perfect quantum computers are unarguably…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-26 Yiqing Zhou , E. Miles Stoudenmire , Xavier Waintal

Quantum circuit simulation is important in the evolution of quantum software and hardware. Novel algorithms can be developed and evaluated by performing quantum circuit simulations on classical computers before physical quantum computers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 Yu-Tsung Wu , Po-Hsuan Huang , Kai-Chieh Chang , Chia-Heng Tu , Shih-Hao Hung

Quantum neural networks (QNNs), as currently formulated, are near-term quantum machine learning architectures that leverage parameterized quantum circuits with the aim of improving upon the performance of their classical counterparts. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Marco Maronese , Francesco Ferrari , Matteo Vandelli , Daniele Dragoni

Understanding the boundary between classical simulatability and the power of quantum computation is a fascinating topic. Direct simulation of noisy quantum computation requires solving an open quantum many-body system, which is very costly.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-09 Xun Gao , Luming Duan

Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize multiple fields by solving complex problems that can not be solved in reasonable time with current classical computers. Nevertheless, the development of quantum computers is still in its…

As quantum devices scale up, many-body quantum gates and algorithms begin to surpass what is possible to simulate classically. Validation methods which rely on such classical simulation, such as process tomography and randomized…

We present an approach to simulating quantum computation based on a classical model that directly imitates discrete quantum systems. Qubits are represented as harmonic functions in a 2D vector space. Multiplication of qubit representations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-30 Steven Peil

Matchgates are a restricted set of two-qubit gates known to be classically simulable under particular conditions. Specifically, if a circuit consists only of nearest-neighbour matchgates, an efficient classical simulation is possible if…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-24 Daniel J. Brod

Using the tensor product representation in the density matrix renormalization group, we show that a quantum circuit of Grover's algorithm, which has one-qubit unitary gates, generalized Toffoli gates, and projective measurements, can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Kawaguchi , K. Shimizu , Y. Tokura , N. Imoto

Efficiently simulating quantum circuits on classical computers is a fundamental challenge in quantum computing. This paper presents a novel theoretical approach that achieves substantial speedups over existing simulators for a wide class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Daksh Shami

(Abridged.) Quantum computers promise to solve some problems exponentially faster than traditional computers, but we still do not fully understand why this is the case. While the most studied model of quantum computation uses qubits, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Cameron Calcluth

Classical stochastic processes can be generated by quantum simulators instead of the more standard classical ones, such as hidden Markov models. One reason for using quantum simulators is that they generally require less memory than their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-19 C. Aghamohammadi , J. R. Mahoney , J. P. Crutchfield

We introduce a novel hybrid approach combining tensor network methods with the stabilizer formalism to address the challenges of simulating many-body quantum systems. By integrating these techniques, we enhance our ability to accurately…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Antonio Francesco Mello , Alessandro Santini , Mario Collura

Simulating quantum states on a classical computer is hard, typically requiring prohibitive resources in terms of memory and computational power. Efficient simulation, however, can be achieved for certain classes of quantum states, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-19 Igor Brandão , Daniel Tandeitnik , Thiago Guerreiro

Matrix Product States (MPS) and Operators (MPO) have been proven to be a powerful tool to study quantum many-body systems but are restricted to moderately entangled states as the number of parameters scales exponentially with the…

We develop a framework for simulating measure-preserving, ergodic dynamical systems on a quantum computer. Our approach provides a new operator-theoretic representation of classical dynamics by combining ergodic theory with quantum…