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Two-dimensional (2D) superconductors, characterized by their inherent quantum confinement, strong spin-orbit coupling, and diverse forms of symmetry breaking, provide an ideal platform for exploring novel quantum transport phenomena. This…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-03 Xingrong Ren , Huiqing Ye , Tian Le

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is a key nonreciprocal phenomenon with broad relevance for superconducting electronics. Using time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau simulations, we predict and quantify a superconducting diode effect arising…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-12-18 Axel J. M. Deenen , Dirk Grundler

Modern industry seeks next-generation microelectronics with ultra-low dissipation and noise beyond semiconducting systems, where the superconducting electronics offer promise. Its physical foundation is the superconducting diode effect…

The unique electronic structure found at interfaces between materials can allow unconventional quantum states to emerge. Here we observe superconductivity in electron gases formed at interfaces between (111) oriented KTaO$_3$ and insulating…

The discovery that the interface between two band gap insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 is highly conducting has raised an enormous interest in the field of oxide electronics. The LAlO3/SrTiO3 interface can be tuned using an electric field and…

We report the electrical top-gating of a 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface, using electron-beam evaporated Au gate electrodes. In these structures, epitaxial LaAlO3 films grown by pulsed laser…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-11-12 P. D. Eerkes , W. G. van der Wiel , H. Hilgenkamp

The LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface provides a unique platform for controlling the electronic properties of the superconducting semiconductor SrTiO3. Prior investigations have shown that two-dimensional superconductivity can be produced at the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-02-08 Cheng Cen , Daniela F. Bogorin , Chung Wung Bark , Chad M. Folkman , Chang-Beom Eom , Jeremy Levy

The superconducting diode effect (SDE), characterized by nonreciprocal critical currents, has attracted growing attention due to its potential applications in quantum technologies and energy-efficient devices. In this work, we explore the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-27 Jiong Li , Ji Jiang , Qing-Hu Chen

Superconductivity at oxide interfaces has intrigued researchers for decades, yet the underlying pairing mechanism remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that proximity to a ferroelectric quantum critical point dramatically enhances…

We describe the transport properties of mesoscopic devices based on the two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) present at the LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface. Bridges with lateral dimensions down to 500~nm were realized using electron beam…

SrTiO$_3$-based conducting interfaces, which exhibit coexistence of gate-tunable 2D superconductivity and strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC), are candidates to host topological superconductive phases. Yet, superconductivity is usually…

We show that the growth of the heterostructure LaGaO3/SrTiO3 yields the formation of a highly conductive interface. Our samples were carefully analyzed by high resolution electron microscopy, in order to assess their crystal perfection and…

Design of epitaxial interfaces is a pivotal way to engineer artificial structures where new electronic phases can emerge. Here we report a systematic emergence of interfacial superconducting state in epitaxial heterostructures of LaTiO3 and…

Recently, an exciting discovery of orientation-dependent superconductivity was made in two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the interfaces of LaAlO$_3$/KTaO$_3$ (LAO/KTO) or EuO/KTaO$_3$ (EuO/KTO). The superconducting transition…

Superconducting diode effects (SDEs) generally emerge in superconducting systems where both time-reversal and inversion symmetries are broken, showing nonreciprocal current characteristics: nondissipative in one direction and ohmic in the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-02-19 Jiajun Ma , Ruiya Zhan , Xiao Lin

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is characterized by its nonreciprocal nature in critical supercurrents. However, realizing a longitudinal SDE typically requires simultaneous time-reversal ($\mathcal{T}$) and inversion ($\mathcal{P}$)…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-01-13 Ruo-Peng Yu , Jin-Xin Hu , Zi-Ting Sun

We identify a new mechanism for the intrinsic superconducting diode effect (SDE) in multiphase superconductors. Using a Ginzburg-Landau and a microscopic two-band model, we find phase transitions into a mixed phase with finite-momentum…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-11-19 Daniel Shaffer , Dmitry V. Chichinadze , Alex Levchenko

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) refers to the non-reciprocal nature of the critical current (maximum current that a superconductor can withstand before turning into a normal metal) of a superconducting device. Here, we investigate…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-06-24 Sayak Bhowmik , Dibyendu Samanta , Ashis K. Nandy , Arijit Saha , Sudeep Kumar Ghosh

In conventional superconductors, bulk physical properties typically degrade as the film thickness approaches the two-dimensional (2D) limit. Here in the (111) oriented LaAlO3/KTaO3 (LAO/KTO) heterostructure, we demonstrate experimental…

The two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface exhibits gate tunable superconductivity with a domelike shape of $T_{\rm{C}}$ as a function of electron concentration. Here, we propose that the experimentally…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-08-26 M. Zegrodnik , P. Wójcik