English
Related papers

Related papers: Adaptive Testing for Segmenting Watermarked Texts …

200 papers

Modern large language models (LLMs) such as GPT, Claude, and Gemini have transformed the way we learn, work, and communicate. Yet, their ability to produce highly human-like text raises serious concerns about misinformation and academic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Hongyi Zhou , Jin Zhu , Kai Ye , Ying Yang , Erhan Xu , Chengchun Shi

In this paper, we investigate the recent state-of-the-art schemes for watermarking large language models (LLMs) outputs. These techniques are claimed to be robust, scalable and production-grade, aimed at promoting responsible usage of LLMs.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jonathan Hong Jin Ng , Anh Tu Ngo , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Statistical watermarking techniques are well-established for sequentially decoded language models (LMs). However, these techniques cannot be directly applied to order-agnostic LMs, as the tokens in order-agnostic LMs are not generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ruibo Chen , Yihan Wu , Yanshuo Chen , Chenxi Liu , Junfeng Guo , Heng Huang

Watermarking has offered an effective approach to distinguishing text generated by large language models (LLMs) from human-written text. However, the pervasive presence of human edits on LLM-generated text dilutes watermark signals, thereby…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-28 Xiang Li , Feng Ruan , Huiyuan Wang , Qi Long , Weijie J. Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into diverse industries, posing substantial security risks due to unauthorized replication and misuse. To mitigate these concerns, robust identification mechanisms are widely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Xuhong Wang , Haoyu Jiang , Yi Yu , Jingru Yu , Yilun Lin , Ping Yi , Yingchun Wang , Yu Qiao , Li Li , Fei-Yue Wang

The rapid advancement of LLMs (Large Language Models) has established them as a foundational technology for many AI and ML-powered human computer interactions. A critical challenge in this context is the attribution of LLM-generated text --…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Jarosław Janas , Paweł Morawiecki , Josef Pieprzyk

We propose an imperceptible multi-bit text watermark embedded by paraphrasing with LLMs. We fine-tune a pair of LLM paraphrasers that are designed to behave differently so that their paraphrasing difference reflected in the text semantics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Xiaojun Xu , Jinghan Jia , Yuanshun Yao , Yang Liu , Hang Li

The integrity of peer review is fundamental to scientific progress, but the rise of large language models (LLMs) has introduced concerns that some reviewers may rely on these tools to generate reviews rather than writing them independently.…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Vishisht Rao , Aounon Kumar , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Nihar B. Shah

Watermark algorithms for large language models (LLMs) have achieved extremely high accuracy in detecting text generated by LLMs. Such algorithms typically involve adding extra watermark logits to the LLM's logits at each generation step.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Aiwei Liu , Leyi Pan , Xuming Hu , Shiao Meng , Lijie Wen

The capabilities of large language models have grown significantly in recent years and so too have concerns about their misuse. It is important to be able to distinguish machine-generated text from human-authored content. Prior works have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Julien Piet , Chawin Sitawarin , Vivian Fang , Norman Mu , David Wagner

A recent and exciting thread of work focuses on developing methods for watermarking the output of large language models (LLMs). We focus on provably undetectable watermarking-that is, schemes that do not alter the output distribution of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Noam Mazor , Andrew Morgan , Rafael Pass

Watermarking (WM) is a critical mechanism for detecting and attributing AI-generated content. Current WM methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly tailored for autoregressive (AR) models: They rely on tokens being generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ofek Raban , Ethan Fetaya , Gal Chechik

With the booming of Large Language Models (LLMs), prompt-learning has become a promising method mainly researched in various research areas. Recently, many attempts based on prompt-learning have been made to improve the performance of text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Chun Liu , Hongguang Zhang , Kainan Zhao , Xinghai Ju , Lin Yang

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates efficient mechanisms to distinguish machine-generated content from human text. While statistical watermarking has emerged as a promising solution, existing methods suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Baihe Huang , Eric Xu , Kannan Ramchandran , Jiantao Jiao , Michael I. Jordan

Watermarking generative-AI systems, such as LLMs, has gained considerable interest, driven by their enhanced capabilities across a wide range of tasks. Although current approaches have demonstrated that small, context-dependent shifts in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Piotr Molenda , Adian Liusie , Mark J. F. Gales

Watermarking has emerged as a promising solution for tracing and authenticating text generated by large language models (LLMs). A common approach to LLM watermarking is to construct a green/red token list and assign higher or lower…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Li An , Yujian Liu , Yepeng Liu , Yuheng Bu , Yang Zhang , Shiyu Chang

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) for sensitive applications has highlighted the need for effective watermarking techniques to ensure the provenance and accountability of AI-generated text. However, most existing watermarking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yepeng Liu , Xuandong Zhao , Christopher Kruegel , Dawn Song , Yuheng Bu

This paper introduces a novel approach for identifying the possible large language models (LLMs) involved in text generation. Instead of adding an additional classification layer to a base LM, we reframe the classification task as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Yutian Chen , Hao Kang , Vivian Zhai , Liangze Li , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

To mitigate the potential misuse of large language models (LLMs), recent research has developed watermarking algorithms, which restrict the generation process to leave an invisible trace for watermark detection. Due to the two-stage nature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Shangqing Tu , Yuliang Sun , Yushi Bai , Jifan Yu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

The recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have sparked a growing apprehension regarding the potential misuse. One approach to mitigating this risk is to incorporate watermarking techniques into LLMs, allowing for the tracking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Zhengmian Hu , Lichang Chen , Xidong Wu , Yihan Wu , Hongyang Zhang , Heng Huang
‹ Prev 1 4 5 6 7 8 10 Next ›