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Customized processors are attractive solutions for vast domain-specific applications due to their high energy efficiency. However, designing a processor in traditional flows is time-consuming and expensive. To address this, researchers have…

In this paper, we propose CUDA-L2, a system that combines large language models (LLMs) and reinforcement learning (RL) to automatically optimize Half-precision General Matrix Multiply (HGEMM) CUDA kernels. Using CUDA execution speed as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Songqiao Su , Xiaofei Sun , Xiaoya Li , Albert Wang , Jiwei Li , Chris Shum

We introduce Meta MLGym and MLGym-Bench, a new framework and benchmark for evaluating and developing LLM agents on AI research tasks. This is the first Gym environment for machine learning (ML) tasks, enabling research on reinforcement…

Personalized retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) aims to produce user-tailored responses by incorporating retrieved user profiles alongside the input query. Existing methods primarily focus on improving retrieval and rely on large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Kepu Zhang , Teng Shi , Weijie Yu , Jun Xu

Profile guided optimization is an effective technique for improving the optimization ability of compilers based on dynamic behavior, but collecting profile data is expensive, cumbersome, and requires regular updating to remain fresh. We…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Nadav Rotem , Chris Cummins

Recent advances have shown that optimizing prompts for Large Language Models (LLMs) can significantly improve task performance, yet many optimization techniques rely on heuristics or manual exploration. We present LatentPrompt, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mateusz Bystroński , Grzegorz Piotrowski , Nitesh V. Chawla , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

Kernel methods are an important class of techniques in machine learning. To be effective, good feature maps are crucial for mapping non-linearly separable input data into a higher dimensional (feature) space, thus allowing the data to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Rowan Pellow-Jarman , Anban Pillay , Ilya Sinayskiy , Francesco Petruccione

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has highlighted the need for efficient and reliable methods to evaluate their performance. Traditional evaluation methods often face challenges like high costs, limited task formats,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Junjie Chen , Weihang Su , Zhumin Chu , Haitao Li , Yujia Zhou , Dingbo Yuan , Xudong Wang , Jun Zhou , Yiqun Liu , Min Zhang , Shaoping Ma , Qingyao Ai

The current over-provisioned heterogeneous multi-cores require effective run-time optimization strategies, and the run-time power monitoring subsystem is paramount for their success. Several state-of-the-art methodologies address the design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Andrea Galimberti , Michele Piccoli , Davide Zoni

Large language models (LLMs) have shown progress in GPU kernel performance engineering using inefficient search-based methods that optimize around runtime. Any existing approach lacks a key characteristic that human performance engineers…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Arya Tschand , Muhammad Awad , Ryan Swann , Kesavan Ramakrishnan , Jeffrey Ma , Keith Lowery , Ganesh Dasika , Vijay Janapa Reddi

Data profiling is critical in machine learning for generating descriptive statistics, supporting both deeper understanding and downstream tasks like data valuation and curation. This work addresses profiling specifically in the context of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Pankaj Thorat , Adnan Qidwai , Adrija Dhar , Aishwariya Chakraborty , Anand Eswaran , Hima Patel , Praveen Jayachandran

In order to automate AI research we introduce a full, end-to-end framework, OMEGA: Optimizing Machine learning by Evaluating Generated Algorithms, that starts at idea generation and ends with executable code. Our system combines structured…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Jeremy Nixon , Annika Singh

Stochastic gradient descent algorithms for training linear and kernel predictors are gaining more and more importance, thanks to their scalability. While various methods have been proposed to speed up their convergence, the model selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-06-17 Francesco Orabona

Training Large Language Models (LLMs) efficiently at scale presents a formidable challenge, driven by their ever-increasing computational demands and the need for enhanced performance. In this work, we introduce Liger-Kernel, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Pin-Lun Hsu , Yun Dai , Vignesh Kothapalli , Qingquan Song , Shao Tang , Siyu Zhu , Steven Shimizu , Shivam Sahni , Haowen Ning , Yanning Chen

The advent of ultra-low-bit LLM models (1/1.58/2-bit), which match the perplexity and end-task performance of their full-precision counterparts using the same model size, is ushering in a new era of LLM inference for resource-constrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Evangelos Georganas , Dhiraj Kalamkar , Alexander Heinecke

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in programming and mathematical reasoning tasks, but are constrained by limited high-quality training data. Synthetic data can be leveraged to enhance fine-tuning outcomes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Caia Costello , Simon Guo , Anna Goldie , Azalia Mirhoseini

Nowadays, we are living in an era of extreme device heterogeneity. Despite the high variety of conventional CPU architectures, accelerator devices, such as GPUs and FPGAs, also appear in the foreground exploding the pool of available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Petros Vavaroutsos , Ioannis Oroutzoglou , Dimosthenis Masouros , Dimitrios Soudris

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), which combines large language models (LLMs) with retrievals from external knowledge databases, is emerging as a popular approach for reliable LLM serving. However, efficient RAG serving remains an open…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Wenqi Jiang , Suvinay Subramanian , Cat Graves , Gustavo Alonso , Amir Yazdanbakhsh , Vidushi Dadu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) demonstrate their effectiveness in scaling test-time compute for software engineering tasks. However, these approaches often focus on high-level solutions, with limited attention to optimizing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Robert Tjarko Lange , Qi Sun , Aaditya Prasad , Maxence Faldor , Yujin Tang , David Ha

Generating high-performance CUDA kernels remains challenging due to the need to navigate a combinatorial space of low-level transformations under noisy and expensive hardware feedback. Although large language models can synthesize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Arijit Bhattacharjee , Heng Ping , Son Vu Le , Paul Bogdan , Nesreen K. Ahmed , Ali Jannesari