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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human decision-making, but their intrinsic biases often diverge from real human behavior--limiting their ability to reflect population-level diversity. We address this challenge…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Ayato Kitadai , Yusuke Fukasawa , Nariaki Nishino

Citation practices are crucial in shaping the structure of scientific knowledge, yet they are often influenced by contemporary norms and biases. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) introduces a new dynamic to these practices.…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Andres Algaba , Carmen Mazijn , Vincent Holst , Floriano Tori , Sylvia Wenmackers , Vincent Ginis

The recent proliferation of research into transformer based natural language processing has led to a number of studies which attempt to detect the presence of human-like cognitive behavior in the models. We contend that, as is true of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jesse Roberts , Kyle Moore , Drew Wilenzick , Doug Fisher

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as Mistral and LLaMA have showcased remarkable performance across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Despite their success, these models inherit social biases from the diverse datasets on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Nirmalendu Prakash , Lee Ka Wei Roy

Humans shift between different personas depending on social context. Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate a similar flexibility in adopting different personas and behaviors. Existing approaches, however, typically adapt such behavior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ruimeng Ye , Zihan Wang , Zinan Ling , Yang Xiao , Manling Li , Xiaolong Ma , Bo Hui

In order for AI systems to communicate effectively with people, they must understand how we make decisions. However, people's decisions are not always rational, so the implicit internal models of human decision-making in Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ryan Liu , Jiayi Geng , Joshua C. Peterson , Ilia Sucholutsky , Thomas L. Griffiths

Modern language models are trained on large amounts of data. These data inevitably include controversial and stereotypical content, which contains all sorts of biases related to gender, origin, age, etc. As a result, the models express…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Aleksandra Sorokovikova , Pavel Chizhov , Iuliia Eremenko , Ivan P. Yamshchikov

Large language models (LLMs) are the foundation of the current successes of artificial intelligence (AI), however, they are unavoidably biased. To effectively communicate the risks and encourage mitigation efforts these models need adequate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Carolin M. Schuster , Maria-Alexandra Dinisor , Shashwat Ghatiwala , Georg Groh

This paper examines biases in large language models (LLMs) when generating synthetic populations from responses to personality questionnaires. Using five LLMs, we first assess the representativeness and potential biases in the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jacopo Amidei , Gregorio Ferreira , Mario Muñoz Serrano , Rubén Nieto , Andreas Kaltenbrunner

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used to evaluate natural language generation tasks as automated metrics. However, the likelihood, a measure of LLM's plausibility for a sentence, can vary due to superficial differences in sentences,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Masanari Oi , Masahiro Kaneko , Ryuto Koike , Mengsay Loem , Naoaki Okazaki

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used across different applications, concerns about their potential to amplify gender biases in various tasks are rising. Prior research has often probed gender bias using explicit gender cues…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Shahed Masoudian , Gustavo Escobedo , Hannah Strauss , Markus Schedl

Large language models (LLMs) are increasing in capability and popularity, propelling their application in new domains -- including as replacements for human participants in computational social science, user testing, annotation tasks, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Angelina Wang , Jamie Morgenstern , John P. Dickerson

Large language models are increasingly used in decision-making tasks that require them to process information from a variety of sources, including both human experts and other algorithmic agents. How do LLMs weigh the information provided…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jessica Y. Bo , Lillio Mok , Ashton Anderson

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in environments where they encounter social information such as other agents' answers, tool outputs, or human recommendations. In humans, such inputs influence judgments in ways that depend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Anooshka Bajaj , Zoran Tiganj

Are large language models (LLMs) biased in favor of communications produced by LLMs, leading to possible antihuman discrimination? Using a classical experimental design inspired by employment discrimination studies, we tested widely used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Walter Laurito , Benjamin Davis , Peli Grietzer , Tomáš Gavenčiak , Ada Böhm , Jan Kulveit

This position paper's primary goal is to provoke thoughtful discussion about the relationship between bias and fundamental properties of large language models. I do this by seeking to convince the reader that harmful biases are an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Philip Resnik

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have established them as powerful tools across numerous domains. However, persistent concerns about embedded biases, such as gender, racial, and cultural biases arising from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Hadi Mohammadi , Yasmeen F. S. S. Meijer , Efthymia Papadopoulou , Ayoub Bagheri

Social biases embedded in Large Language Models (LLMs) raise critical concerns, resulting in representational harms -- unfair or distorted portrayals of demographic groups -- that may be expressed in subtle ways through generated language.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jinhao Pan , Chahat Raj , Ziwei Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming human decision-making by acting as cognitive collaborators. Yet, this promise comes with a paradox: while LLMs can improve accuracy, they may also erode independent reasoning, promote…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Irdin Pekaric , Philipp Zech , Tom Mattson

Large language models (LLMs) show increasingly advanced emergent capabilities and are being incorporated across various societal domains. Understanding their behavior and reasoning abilities therefore holds significant importance. We argue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Thilo Hagendorff , Ishita Dasgupta , Marcel Binz , Stephanie C. Y. Chan , Andrew Lampinen , Jane X. Wang , Zeynep Akata , Eric Schulz