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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have been widely adopted in contemporary large language models (LLMs) due to their ability to improve generation quality while reducing the required input context length. In this work, we focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Tianyi Zhang , Andreas Marfurt

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

The efficient processing of long context poses a serious challenge for large language models (LLMs). Recently, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising strategy for this problem, as it enables LLMs to make selective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Kun Luo , Zheng Liu , Peitian Zhang , Hongjin Qian , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) aims to generate more reliable and accurate responses, by augmenting large language models (LLMs) with the external vast and dynamic knowledge. Most previous work focuses on using RAG for single-round…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Linhao Ye , Zhikai Lei , Jianghao Yin , Qin Chen , Jie Zhou , Liang He

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques have proven to be effective in integrating up-to-date information, mitigating hallucinations, and enhancing response quality, particularly in specialized domains. While many RAG approaches…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful technique for enhancing the quality of responses in Question-Answering (QA) tasks. However, existing approaches often struggle with retrieving contextually relevant information,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Tianyi Yang , Nashrah Haque , Vaishnave Jonnalagadda , Yuya Jeremy Ong , Zhehui Chen , Yanzhao Wu , Lei Yu , Divyesh Jadav , Wenqi Wei

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has become the standard in long context question answering (QA) systems. However, typical implementations of RAG rely on a rather naive retrieval mechanism, in which texts whose embeddings are most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Keyush Shah , Abhishek Goyal , Isaac Wasserman

The effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating accurate responses relies heavily on the quality of input provided, particularly when employing Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) techniques. RAG enhances LLMs by sourcing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Spurthi Setty , Harsh Thakkar , Alyssa Lee , Eden Chung , Natan Vidra

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the accuracy of Large Language Model (LLM) responses by leveraging relevant external documents during generation. Although previous studies noted that retrieving many documents can degrade…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shahar Levy , Nir Mazor , Lihi Shalmon , Michael Hassid , Gabriel Stanovsky

The retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables retrieval of relevant information from an external knowledge source and allows large language models (LLMs) to answer queries over previously unseen document collections. However, it was…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Mykhailo Poliakov , Nadiya Shvai

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted paradigm for enhancing the reliability of large language models (LLMs). However, RAG systems are sensitive to retrieval strategies that rely on text chunking to construct…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sun Xu , Tongkai Xu , Baiheng Xie , Li Huang , Qiang Gao , Kunpeng Zhang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown promising potential in knowledge intensive question answering (QA). However, existing approaches only consider the query itself, neither specifying the retrieval preferences for the retrievers…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhongwu Chen , Chengjin Xu , Dingmin Wang , Zhen Huang , Yong Dou , Xuhui Jiang , Jian Guo

Proprietary corporate documents contain rich domain-specific knowledge, but their overwhelming volume and disorganized structure make it difficult even for employees to access the right information when needed. For example, in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Nayoung Choi , Grace Byun , Andrew Chung , Ellie S. Paek , Shinsun Lee , Jinho D. Choi

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a popular technique for using large language models (LLMs) to build customer-support, question-answering solutions. In this paper, we share our team's practical experience building and maintaining…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Sarah Packowski , Inge Halilovic , Jenifer Schlotfeldt , Trish Smith

Long-Context Question Answering (LCQA), a challenging task, aims to reason over long-context documents to yield accurate answers to questions. Existing long-context Large Language Models (LLMs) for LCQA often struggle with the "lost in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Qingfei Zhao , Ruobing Wang , Yukuo Cen , Daren Zha , Shicheng Tan , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enriches large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge for long-context understanding and multi-hop reasoning, but existing methods face a granularity dilemma: fine-grained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yaxiong Wu , Jianyuan Bo , Yongyue Zhang , Sheng Liang , Yong Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated strong performance in multilingual question-answering (QA) tasks by leveraging relevant passages retrieved from corpora. In multilingual RAG (mRAG), the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Jirui Qi , Raquel Fernández , Arianna Bisazza

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a powerful and widely used approach for improving large language models by grounding generation in retrieved evidence. However, RAG systems still produce incorrect answers in many cases. Why…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Kai Guo , Xinnan Dai , Zhibo Zhang , Nuohan Lin , Shenglai Zeng , Jie Ren , Haoyu Han , Jiliang Tang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a critical technique for enhancing large language model (LLM) capabilities. However, practitioners face significant challenges when making RAG deployment decisions. While existing research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Shengming Zhao , Yuchen Shao , Yuheng Huang , Jiayang Song , Zhijie Wang , Chengcheng Wan , Lei Ma