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The feedback that AI systems (e.g., recommender systems, chatbots) collect from user interactions is a crucial source of training data. While short-term feedback (e.g., clicks, engagement) is widely used for training, there is ample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Richa Rastogi , Yuta Saito , Thorsten Joachims

Recommender systems typically represent users and items by learning their embeddings, which are usually set to uniform dimensions and dominate the model parameters. However, real-world recommender systems often operate in streaming…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yunke Qu , Liang Qu , Tong Chen , Xiangyu Zhao , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin

Existing methods for training LLMs on long-sequence data, such as Tensor Parallelism and Context Parallelism, exhibit low Model FLOPs Utilization as sequence lengths and number of GPUs increase, especially when sequence lengths exceed 1M…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ao Sun , Weilin Zhao , Xu Han , Cheng Yang , Zhiyuan Liu , Chuan Shi , Maosong sun

The rapid growth of short videos has necessitated effective recommender systems to match users with content tailored to their evolving preferences. Current video recommendation models primarily treat each video as a whole, overlooking the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Zhiyu He , Zhixin Ling , Jiayu Li , Zhiqiang Guo , Weizhi Ma , Xinchen Luo , Min Zhang , Guorui Zhou

Training large language models (LLMs) with increasingly long and varying sequence lengths introduces severe load imbalance challenges in large-scale data-parallel training. Recent frameworks attempt to mitigate these issues through data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chang Chen , Tiancheng Chen , Jiangfei Duan , Qianchao Zhu , Zerui Wang , Qinghao Hu , Peng Sun , Xiuhong Li , Chao Yang , Torsten Hoefler

User retention is critical in large-scale recommender systems, significantly influencing online platforms' long-term success. Existing methods typically focus on short-term engagement, neglecting the evolving dynamics of user behaviors over…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Chengzhi Lin , Annan Xie , Shuchang Liu , Wuhong Wang , Chuyuan Wang , Yongqi Liu

While generative recommendations (GR) possess strong sequential reasoning capabilities, they face significant challenges when processing extremely long user behavior sequences: the high computational cost forces practical sequence lengths…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yu Zhou , Chengcheng Guo , Kuo Cai , Ji Liu , Qiang Luo , Ruiming Tang , Han Li , Kun Gai , Guorui Zhou

Effective training of today's large language models (LLMs) depends on large batches and long sequences for throughput and accuracy. To handle variable-length sequences on hardware accelerators, it is common practice to introduce padding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Mario Michael Krell , Matej Kosec , Sergio P. Perez , Andrew Fitzgibbon

Cloud based tiered applications are increasingly becoming popular, be it on phones or on desktops. End users of these applications range from novice to expert depending on how experienced they are in using them. With repeated usage…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-09-21 Arindam Das , Olivia Das

Retrievers, which form one of the most important recommendation stages, are responsible for efficiently selecting possible positive samples to the later stages under strict latency limitations. Because of this, large-scale systems always…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Xingyan Bin , Jianfei Cui , Wujie Yan , Zhichen Zhao , Xintian Han , Chongyang Yan , Feng Zhang , Xun Zhou , Qi Wu , Zuotao Liu

Transformer-based sequential recommendation (SR) models excel at modeling long-range dependencies in user behavior via self-attention. However, updating them with continuously arriving behavior sequences incurs high computational costs or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Gyuseok Lee , Hyunsik Yoo , Junyoung Hwang , SeongKu Kang , Hwanjo Yu

Short video applications have attracted billions of users in recent years, fulfilling their various needs with diverse content. Users usually watch short videos on many topics on mobile devices in a short period of time, and give explicit…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Xudong Gong , Qinlin Feng , Yuan Zhang , Jiangling Qin , Weijie Ding , Biao Li , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

Recommending the right products is the central problem in recommender systems, but the right products should also be recommended at the right time to meet the demands of users, so as to maximize their values. Users' demands, implying strong…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-03-04 Ting Bai , Pan Du , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen , Jian-Yun Nie

In large-scale recommender systems, ultra-long user behavior sequences encode rich signals of evolving interests. Extending sequence length generally improves accuracy, but directly modeling such sequences in production is infeasible due to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kaiyuan Li , Yongxiang Tang , Yanhua Cheng , Yong Bai , Yanxiang Zeng , Chao Wang , Xialong Liu , Peng Jiang

Rich user behavior data has been proven to be of great value for Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction applications, especially in industrial recommender, search, or advertising systems. However, it's non-trivial for real-world systems to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Yue Cao , XiaoJiang Zhou , Jiaqi Feng , Peihao Huang , Yao Xiao , Dayao Chen , Sheng Chen

Modern large language models increasingly require long contexts for reasoning and multi-document tasks, but attention's quadratic complexity creates a severe computational bottleneck. We present Block-Sparse FlashAttention (BSFA), a drop-in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Daniel Ohayon , Itay Lamprecht , Itay Hubara , Israel Cohen , Daniel Soudry , Noam Elata

To develop effective sequential recommender systems, numerous methods have been proposed to model historical user behaviors. Despite the effectiveness, these methods share the same fast thinking paradigm. That is, for making…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Junjie Zhang , Beichen Zhang , Wenqi Sun , Hongyu Lu , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yu Chen , Ji-Rong Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with long-context reasoning, not only due to the quadratic scaling of computational complexity with sequence length but also because of the scarcity and expense of annotating long-context data. There…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Linda He , Jue Wang , Maurice Weber , Shang Zhu , Ben Athiwaratkun , Ce Zhang

Modeling long-term user behavior trajectories is essential for understanding evolving preferences and enabling proactive recommendations. However, most sequential recommenders focus on next-item prediction, overlooking dependencies across…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chengkai Huang , Xiaodi Chen , Hongtao Huang , Quan Z. Sheng , Lina Yao

In this paper we develop a novel recommendation model that explicitly incorporates time information. The model relies on an embedding layer and TSL attention-like mechanism with inner products in different vector spaces, that can be thought…