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Related papers: Benchmarking of Clustering Validity Measures Revis…

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Note: A revised version of this is now published. Please cite and read (it's open access): Van Mechelen, I., Boulesteix, A.-L., Dangl, R., Dean, N., Hennig, C., Leisch, F., Steinley, D., Warrens, M. J. (2023). A white paper on good research…

Nine popular clustering methods are applied to 42 real data sets. The aim is to give a detailed characterisation of the methods by means of several cluster validation indexes that measure various individual aspects of the resulting clusters…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-09 Christian Hennig

Data analysis plays an indispensable role for value creation in industry. Cluster analysis in this context is able to explore given datasets with little or no prior knowledge and to identify unknown patterns. As (big) data complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Marc Wegmann , Domenique Zipperling , Jonas Hillenbrand , Jürgen Fleischer

Model selection is a major challenge in non-parametric clustering. There is no universally admitted way to evaluate clustering results for the obvious reason that no ground truth is available. The difficulty to find a universal evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Alex Mourer , Florent Forest , Mustapha Lebbah , Hanane Azzag , Jérôme Lacaille

Cluster analysis is used to explore structure in unlabeled data sets in a wide range of applications. An important part of cluster analysis is validating the quality of computationally obtained clusters. A large number of different internal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-10 Masud Moshtaghi , James C. Bezdek , Sarah M. Erfani , Christopher Leckie , James Bailey

As single-cell gene expression data analysis continues to grow, the need for reliable clustering methods has become increasingly important. The prevalence of heuristic means for method choice could lead to inaccurate reports if…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-19 Owen Visser , Somnath Datta

Clustering is the technique to partition data according to their characteristics. Data that are similar in nature belong to the same cluster [1]. There are two types of evaluation methods to evaluate clustering quality. One is an external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Anupriya Vysala , Joseph Gomes

Quality assessments of models in unsupervised learning and clustering verification in particular have been a long-standing problem in the machine learning research. The lack of robust and universally applicable cluster validity scores often…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-30 Luzie Helfmann , Johannes von Lindheim , Mattes Mollenhauer , Ralf Banisch

Cross-validation plays a fundamental role in Machine Learning, enabling robust evaluation of model performance and preventing overestimation on training and validation data. However, one of its drawbacks is the potential to create data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Afonso Martini Spezia , Thomas Fontanari , Mariana Recamonde-Mendoza

A new cluster validity index is proposed for fuzzy clusters obtained from fuzzy c-means algorithm. The proposed validity index exploits inter-cluster proximity between fuzzy clusters. Inter-cluster proximity is used to measure the degree of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Dae-Won Kim , Kwang H. Lee

Cluster analysis has attracted more and more attention in the field of machine learning and data mining. Numerous clustering algorithms have been proposed and are being developed due to diverse theories and various requirements of emerging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-18 Jian Yu , Zongben Xu

The evaluation of clustering algorithms can involve running them on a variety of benchmark problems, and comparing their outputs to the reference, ground-truth groupings provided by experts. Unfortunately, many research papers and graduate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Marek Gagolewski

To evaluate clustering results is a significant part of cluster analysis. There are no true class labels for clustering in typical unsupervised learning. Thus, a number of internal evaluations, which use predicted labels and data, have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Shuyue Guan , Murray Loew

Experimental evaluation is a major research methodology for investigating clustering algorithms and many other machine learning algorithms. For this purpose, a number of benchmark datasets have been widely used in the literature and their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Tiantian Zhang , Li Zhong , Bo Yuan

Finding "true" clusters in a data set is a challenging problem. Clustering solutions obtained using different models and algorithms do not necessarily provide compact and well-separated clusters or the optimal number of clusters. Cluster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Adil M. Bagirov , Ramiz M. Aliguliyev , Nargiz Sultanova , Sona Taheri

Selecting the appropriate number of clusters is a critical step in applying clustering algorithms. To assist in this process, various cluster validity indices (CVIs) have been developed. These indices are designed to identify the optimal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-24 Nathakhun Wiroonsri , Onthada Preedasawakul

When approaching a clustering problem, choosing the right clustering algorithm and parameters is essential, as each clustering algorithm is proficient at finding clusters of a particular nature. Due to the unsupervised nature of clustering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Elizabeth Ditton , Anne Swinbourne , Trina Myers , Mitchell Scovell

Clustering techniques are widely used in Web Usage Mining to capture similar interests and trends among users accessing a Web site. For this purpose, web access logs generated at a particular web site are preprocessed to discover the user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-14 Zahid Ansari , M. F. Azeem , Waseem Ahmed , A. Vinaya Babu

With rapidly increasing data, clustering algorithms are important tools for data analytics in modern research. They have been successfully applied to a wide range of domains; for instance, bioinformatics, speech recognition, and financial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-12-01 Ka-Chun Wong

The widespread adoption of smart meters for monitoring energy consumption has generated vast quantities of high-resolution time series data which remains underutilised. While clustering has emerged as a fundamental tool for mining smart…