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While Foundation Models provide a general tool for rapid content creation, they regularly require task-specific adaptation. Traditionally, this exercise involves careful curation of datasets and repeated fine-tuning of the underlying model.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Rujikorn Charakorn , Edoardo Cetin , Yujin Tang , Robert Tjarko Lange

Auto-regressive speech-text models pre-trained on interleaved text tokens and discretized speech tokens demonstrate strong speech understanding and generation, yet remain substantially less compute-efficient than text LLMs, partly due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yen-Ju Lu , Yashesh Gaur , Wei Zhou , Benjamin Muller , Jesus Villalba , Najim Dehak , Luke Zettlemoyer , Gargi Ghosh , Mike Lewis , Srinivasan Iyer , Duc Le

We propose an innovative, learnable two-sided short-time Laplace transform (STLT) mechanism to supplant the traditional self attention in transformer-based LLMs. Our STLT introduces trainable parameters for each Laplace node, enabling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Andrew Kiruluta

Teaching is critical to human society: it is with teaching that prospective students are educated and human civilization can be inherited and advanced. A good teacher not only provides his/her students with qualified teaching materials…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Lijun Wu , Fei Tian , Yingce Xia , Yang Fan , Tao Qin , Jianhuang Lai , Tie-Yan Liu

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable advancements by leveraging tools to interact with environments, a critical step toward generalized AI. However, the standard supervised fine-tuning (SFT) approach, which relies on large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Junjie Ye , Yilong Wu , Sixian Li , Yuming Yang , Zhiheng Xi , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan , Zhengyin Du

The performance of Large Language Models has achieved superhuman breadth with unprecedented depth. At the same time, the language models are mostly black box models and the underlying mechanisms for performance have been evaluated using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Jay Desai , Xiaobo Guo , Srinivasan H. Sengamedu

Adversarial examples, crafted by adding perturbations imperceptible to humans, can deceive neural networks. Recent studies identify the adversarial transferability across various models, \textit{i.e.}, the cross-model attack ability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Rongyi Zhu , Zeliang Zhang , Susan Liang , Zhuo Liu , Chenliang Xu

Deploying complex machine learning models on resource-constrained devices is challenging due to limited computational power, memory, and model retrainability. To address these limitations, a hybrid system can be established by augmenting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yu Wu , Yansong Li , Zeyu Dong , Nitya Sathyavageeswaran , Anand D. Sarwate

Scaling language models to handle longer contexts introduces substantial memory challenges due to the growing cost of key-value (KV) caches. Motivated by the efficiency gains of hybrid models and the broad availability of pretrained large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xuan Zhang , Fengzhuo Zhang , Cunxiao Du , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang , Wei Gao , Min Lin

Evolutionary multitasking (EMT) is an emerging approach for solving multitask optimization problems (MTOPs) and has garnered considerable research interest. The implicit EMT is a significant research branch that utilizes evolution operators…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Sheng-Hao Wu , Yuxiao Huang , Xingyu Wu , Liang Feng , Zhi-Hui Zhan , Kay Chen Tan

State space models (SSMs) have shown remarkable empirical performance on many long sequence modeling tasks, but a theoretical understanding of these models is still lacking. In this work, we study the learning dynamics of linear SSMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Jakub Smékal , Jimmy T. H. Smith , Michael Kleinman , Dan Biderman , Scott W. Linderman

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable emergent capabilities through extensive pre-training, they still face critical limitations in generalizing to specialized domains and handling diverse linguistic variations, known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jinwu Hu , Zhitian Zhang , Guohao Chen , Xutao Wen , Chao Shuai , Wei Luo , Bin Xiao , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

In order to understand the in-context learning phenomenon, recent works have adopted a stylized experimental framework and demonstrated that Transformers can learn gradient-based learning algorithms for various classes of real-valued…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Satwik Bhattamishra , Arkil Patel , Phil Blunsom , Varun Kanade

The static ``train then deploy" paradigm fundamentally limits Large Language Models (LLMs) from dynamically adapting their weights in response to continuous streams of new information inherent in real-world tasks. Test-Time Training (TTT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Guhao Feng , Shengjie Luo , Kai Hua , Ge Zhang , Di He , Wenhao Huang , Tianle Cai

Long-sequence modeling faces a fundamental trade-off between the efficiency of compressive fixed-size memory in RNN-like models and the fidelity of lossless growing memory in attention-based Transformers. Inspired by the Multi-Store Model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Yunhao Fang , Weihao Yu , Shu Zhong , Qinghao Ye , Xuehan Xiong , Lai Wei

State space models (SSMs) have recently shown promising results on small-scale sequence and language modelling tasks, rivalling and outperforming many attention-based approaches. In this paper, we propose a multi-head state space (MH-SSM)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-29 Yassir Fathullah , Chunyang Wu , Yuan Shangguan , Junteng Jia , Wenhan Xiong , Jay Mahadeokar , Chunxi Liu , Yangyang Shi , Ozlem Kalinli , Mike Seltzer , Mark J. F. Gales

Humanoid robots promise transformative capabilities for industrial and service applications. While recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL) yield impressive results in locomotion, manipulation, and navigation, the proposed methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Feiyang Wu , Xavier Nal , Jaehwi Jang , Wei Zhu , Zhaoyuan Gu , Anqi Wu , Ye Zhao

Sequence models based on linear state spaces (SSMs) have recently emerged as a promising choice of architecture for modeling long range dependencies across various modalities. However, they invariably rely on discretization of a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Ankit Gupta , Harsh Mehta , Jonathan Berant

Recent advancements indicate that scaling up Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) effectively enhances performance on downstream multimodal tasks. The prevailing MLLM paradigm, \emph{e.g.}, LLaVA, transforms visual features into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Wenqiao Zhang , Tianwei Lin , Jiang Liu , Fangxun Shu , Haoyuan Li , Lei Zhang , He Wanggui , Hao Zhou , Zheqi Lv , Hao Jiang , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Large language models (LLMs) face a daunting challenge due to the excessive computational and memory requirements of the commonly used Transformer architecture. While state space model (SSM) is a new type of foundational network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Wei He , Kai Han , Yehui Tang , Chengcheng Wang , Yujie Yang , Tianyu Guo , Yunhe Wang