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It is common, in deconvolution problems, to assume that the measurement errors are identically distributed. In many real-life applications, however, this condition is not satisfied and the deconvolution estimators developed for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Aurore Delaigle , Alexander Meister

In a large class of statistical inverse problems it is necessary to suppose that the transformation that is inverted is known. Although, in many applications, it is unrealistic to make this assumption, the problem is often insoluble without…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Aurore Delaigle , Peter Hall , Alexander Meister

Multi-head attention empowers the recent success of transformers, the state-of-the-art models that have achieved remarkable success in sequence modeling and beyond. These attention mechanisms compute the pairwise dot products between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Tan Nguyen , Minh Pham , Tam Nguyen , Khai Nguyen , Stanley J. Osher , Nhat Ho

Machine learning models are increasingly used to predict material properties and accelerate atomistic simulations, but the reliability of their predictions depends on the representativeness of the training data. We present a scalable,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Daniel Willimetz , Lukáš Grajciar

Estimating density ratios has become increasingly important with the recent rise of score-based and diffusion-inspired methods. However, current tangent-based approaches rely on a high-variance learning objective, which leads to unstable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-11 Wei Chen , Shigui Li , Jiacheng Li , Jian Xu , Zhiqi Lin , Junmei Yang , Delu Zeng , John Paisley , Qibin Zhao

In this paper, we explore provable acceleration of diffusion models without any additional retraining. Focusing on the task of approximating a target data distribution in $\mathbb{R}^d$ to within $\varepsilon$ total-variation distance, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Gen Li , Yuchen Zhou , Yuting Wei , Yuxin Chen

Neural operators have emerged as promising frameworks for learning mappings governed by partial differential equations (PDEs), serving as data-driven alternatives to traditional numerical methods. While methods such as the Fourier neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Minsu Koh , Beom-Chul Park , Heejo Kong , Seong-Whan Lee

Density estimation plays a crucial role in many data analysis tasks, as it infers a continuous probability density function (PDF) from discrete samples. Thus, it is used in tasks as diverse as analyzing population data, spatial locations in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-26 Patrik Puchert , Pedro Hermosilla , Tobias Ritschel , Timo Ropinski

Pre-trained language models have achieved noticeable performance on the intent detection task. However, due to assigning an identical weight to each sample, they suffer from the overfitting of simple samples and the failure to learn complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Yantao Gong , Cao Liu , Jiazhen Yuan , Fan Yang , Xunliang Cai , Guanglu Wan , Jiansong Chen , Ruiyao Niu , Houfeng Wang

We study the problem of estimating the score function using both implicit score matching and denoising score matching. Assuming that the data distribution exhibiting a low-dimensional structure, we prove that implicit score matching is able…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Konstantin Yakovlev , Anna Markovich , Nikita Puchkin

We theoretically investigate the phenomena of generalization and memorization in diffusion models. Empirical studies suggest that these phenomena are influenced by model complexity and the size of the training dataset. In our experiments,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Anand Jerry George , Rodrigo Veiga , Nicolas Macris

Dealing with distribution shifts is one of the central challenges for modern machine learning. One fundamental situation is the covariate shift, where the input distributions of data change from training to testing stages while the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yu-Jie Zhang , Zhen-Yu Zhang , Peng Zhao , Masashi Sugiyama

Transformer architectures have achieved remarkable success across language, vision, and multimodal tasks, and there is growing demand for them to address in-context compositional learning tasks. In these tasks, models solve the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Wei Chen , Jingxi Yu , Zichen Miao , Qiang Qiu

While Transformer architectures have demonstrated impressive scalability across domains, they continue to face challenges in long-context reasoning, computational efficiency, and structural generalization - largely due to rigid layer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Haochen You , Baojing Liu

Transferring knowledge from a cross-encoder teacher via Knowledge Distillation (KD) has become a standard paradigm for training retrieval models. While existing studies have largely focused on mining hard negatives to improve…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Youngjoon Jang , Seongtae Hong , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

Empirical fixation densities, spatial distributions estimated from human eye-tracking data, are foundational to saliency benchmarking. They directly shape benchmark conclusions, leaderboard rankings, failure case analyses, and scientific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Susmit Agrawal , Jannis Hollman , Matthias Kümmerer

Recently, deep clustering methods have gained momentum because of the high representational power of deep neural networks (DNNs) such as autoencoder. The key idea is that representation learning and clustering can reinforce each other: Good…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Wengang Guo , Kaiyan Lin , Wei Ye

Are score function estimators an underestimated approach to learning with $k$-subset sampling? Sampling $k$-subsets is a fundamental operation in many machine learning tasks that is not amenable to differentiable parametrization, impeding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Klas Wijk , Ricardo Vinuesa , Hossein Azizpour

Order-agnostic autoregressive distribution (density) estimation (OADE), i.e., autoregressive distribution estimation where the features can occur in an arbitrary order, is a challenging problem in generative machine learning. Prior work on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Michael A. Alcorn , Anh Nguyen

Crowd counting typically relies on labor-intensive point-level annotations and computationally intensive backbones, restricting its scalability and deployment in resource-constrained environments. To address these challenges, this paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Qiang Guo , Rubo Zhang , Bingbing Zhang , Junjie Liu , Jianqing Liu