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Medical image segmentation plays an essential role in developing computer-assisted diagnosis and therapy systems, yet still faces many challenges. In the past few years, the popular encoder-decoder architectures based on CNNs (e.g., U-Net)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Guoping Xu , Xingrong Wu , Xuan Zhang , Xinwei He

Over the past decade, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have shown very competitive performance in medical image analysis tasks, such as disease classification, tumor segmentation, and lesion detection. CNN has great advantages in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Yin Dai , Yifan Gao

Accurate segmentation of medical images is crucial for diagnostic purposes, including cell segmentation, tumor identification, and organ localization. Traditional convolutional neural network (CNN)-based approaches struggled to achieve…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-26 Daniya Najiha Abdul Kareem , Mustansar Fiaz , Noa Novershtern , Hisham Cholakkal

Convolutional neural networks are widely used in various segmentation tasks in medical images. However, they are challenged to learn global features adaptively due to the inherent locality of convolutional operations. In contrast, MLP…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-25 Jin Yang , Xiaobing Yu , Peijie Qiu

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have exhibited strong performance in medical image segmentation tasks by capturing high-level (local) information, such as edges and textures. However, due to the limited field of view of convolution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-02 Hao Li , Han Liu , Dewei Hu , Xing Yao , Jiacheng Wang , Ipek Oguz

In healthcare, medical image segmentation is crucial for accurate disease diagnosis and the development of effective treatment strategies. Early detection can significantly aid in managing diseases and potentially prevent their progression.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Bobby Azad , Pourya Adibfar , Kaiqun Fu

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in advancing healthcare systems for disease diagnosis and treatment planning. The u-shaped architecture, popularly known as U-Net, has proven highly successful for various medical image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Jieneng Chen , Jieru Mei , Xianhang Li , Yongyi Lu , Qihang Yu , Qingyue Wei , Xiangde Luo , Yutong Xie , Ehsan Adeli , Yan Wang , Matthew Lungren , Lei Xing , Le Lu , Alan Yuille , Yuyin Zhou

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been the consensus for medical image segmentation tasks. However, they suffer from the limitation in modeling long-range dependencies and spatial correlations due to the nature of convolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Moein Heidari , Amirhossein Kazerouni , Milad Soltany , Reza Azad , Ehsan Khodapanah Aghdam , Julien Cohen-Adad , Dorit Merhof

Over the past two decades, machine analysis of medical imaging has advanced rapidly, opening up significant potential for several important medical applications. As complicated diseases increase and the number of cases rises, the role of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-08 Fares Bougourzi , Fadi Dornaika , Cosimo Distante , Abdelmalik Taleb-Ahmed

To address the limitations of Transformer decoders in capturing edge details, recognizing local textures and modeling spatial continuity, this paper proposes a novel decoder framework specifically designed for medical image segmentation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Fan Zhang , Zhiwei Gu , Hua Wang

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Although models based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformers have achieved remarkable success in medical image segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-04 Jiashu Xu

The encoder-decoder networks are commonly used in medical image segmentation due to their remarkable performance in hierarchical feature fusion. However, the expanding path for feature decoding and spatial recovery does not consider the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-22 Ying Wen , Kai Xie , Lianghua He

Accurate medical image segmentation requires effective modeling of both long-range dependencies and fine-grained boundary details. While transformers mitigate the issue of insufficient semantic information arising from the limited receptive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yanxin Li , Hui Wan , Libin Lan

Automatic segmentation of fine-grained brain structures remains a challenging task. Current segmentation methods mainly utilize 2D and 3D deep neural networks. The 2D networks take image slices as input to produce coarse segmentation in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Yuemeng Li , Hangfan Liu , Hongming Li , Yong Fan

Medical image segmentation, particularly in multi-domain scenarios, requires precise preservation of anatomical structures across diverse representations. While deep learning has advanced this field, existing models often struggle with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Afshin Bozorgpour , Sina Ghorbani Kolahi , Reza Azad , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Dorit Merhof

Accurate medical image segmentation allows for the precise delineation of anatomical structures and pathological regions, which is essential for treatment planning, surgical navigation, and disease monitoring. Both CNN-based and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Libin Lan , Yanxin Li , Xiaojuan Liu , Juan Zhou , Jianxun Zhang , Nannan Huang , Yudong Zhang

Medical image segmentation plays an important role in computer-aided diagnosis. Traditional convolution-based U-shape segmentation architectures are usually limited by the local receptive field. Existing vision transformers have been widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Qing Xu , Yanming Chen , Yue Li , Ziyu Liu , Zhenye Lou , Yixuan Zhang , Xiangjian He

Transformers have been extensively studied in medical image segmentation to build pairwise long-range dependence. Yet, relatively limited well-annotated medical image data makes transformers struggle to extract diverse global features,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-13 Xian Lin , Zengqiang Yan , Xianbo Deng , Chuansheng Zheng , Li Yu

Medical image segmentation is vital to the area of medical imaging because it enables professionals to more accurately examine and understand the information offered by different imaging modalities. The technique of splitting a medical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-01 Aitik Gupta , Joydip Dhar

Multi-organ segmentation in medical imaging remains challenging due to large anatomical variability, complex inter-organ dependencies, and diverse organ scales and shapes. Conventional encoder-decoder architectures often struggle to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhuoyi Fang