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Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of artificial intelligence. Yet, evaluating them comprehensively remains challenging. We argue that this is partly due to the predominant focus on performance metrics in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Julian Coda-Forno , Marcel Binz , Jane X. Wang , Eric Schulz

We present a new approach for benchmarking Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities on research-level mathematics. Existing benchmarks largely rely on static, hand-curated sets of contest or textbook-style problems as proxies for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Antoine Peyronnet , Fabian Gloeckle , Amaury Hayat

The critique capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for reasoning abilities, which can provide necessary suggestions (e.g., detailed analysis and constructive feedback). Therefore, how to evaluate the critique capacity of…

Online Large Language Model (LLM) services such as ChatGPT and Claude 3 have transformed business operations and academic research by effortlessly enabling new opportunities. However, due to data-sharing restrictions, sectors such as…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Wenbo Sun , Jiaqi Wang , Qiming Guo , Ziyu Li , Wenlu Wang , Rihan Hai

A diverse array of reasoning strategies has been proposed to elicit the capabilities of large language models. However, in this paper, we point out that traditional evaluations which focus solely on performance metrics miss a key factor:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Junlin Wang , Siddhartha Jain , Dejiao Zhang , Baishakhi Ray , Varun Kumar , Ben Athiwaratkun

In recent years, the remarkable progress of large language models (LLMs) has sparked interest in task automation, which involves decomposing complex tasks described by user instructions into sub-tasks and invoking external tools to execute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Yongliang Shen , Kaitao Song , Xu Tan , Wenqi Zhang , Kan Ren , Siyu Yuan , Weiming Lu , Dongsheng Li , Yueting Zhuang

Current evaluations of Large Language Model (LLM) agents primarily emphasize task completion, often overlooking resource efficiency and adaptability. This neglects a crucial capability: agents' ability to devise and adjust cost-optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiayu Liu , Cheng Qian , Zhaochen Su , Qing Zong , Shijue Huang , Bingxiang He , Yi R. Fung

Tasks that require character-level reasoning, such as counting or locating characters within words, remain challenging for contemporary language models. A common conjecture is that language models' reliance on subword units, rather than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Omri Uzan , Yuval Pinter

Chain-of-thought prompting has emerged as a powerful technique for enabling large language models (LLMs) to solve complex reasoning tasks. However, these reasoning chains can be verbose, raising concerns about efficiency. In response,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Ayeong Lee , Ethan Che , Tianyi Peng

Large language models (LLMs) with advanced cognitive capabilities are emerging as agents for various reasoning and planning tasks. Traditional evaluations often focus on specific reasoning or planning questions within controlled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Tianlong Wang , Pinqiao Wang , Weili Shi , Sheng li

With reasoning language models such as OpenAI-o3 and DeepSeek-R1 emerging, large language models (LLMs) have entered a new phase of development. However, existing benchmarks for coding evaluation are gradually inadequate to assess the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Lei Yang , Renren Jin , Ling Shi , Jianxiang Peng , Yue Chen , Deyi Xiong

Recent advancements in reasoning-enhanced large language models (LLMs), such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI-o3, have demonstrated significant progress. However, their application in professional medical contexts remains underexplored,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Pengcheng Qiu , Chaoyi Wu , Shuyu Liu , Weike Zhao , Zhuoxia Chen , Hongfei Gu , Chuanjin Peng , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

Large language models (LLMs) achieve state-of-the-art accuracy on complex reasoning tasks by generating multiple chain-of-thought (CoT) traces, but using a fixed token budget per query leads to over-computation on easy inputs and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Katrina Brown , Aneesh Muppidi , Rana Shahout

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely evaluated on macro-scale geographic tasks, such as global factual recall, event summarization, and regional reasoning. Yet, their ability to handle hyper-local knowledge remains poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zihan Gao , Yifei Xu , Jacob Thebault-Spieker

Although large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in a wide range of multimodal tasks, their true reasoning capabilities on human IQ tests remain underexplored. To advance research on the fluid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Tan-Hanh Pham , Phu-Vinh Nguyen , Dang The Hung , Bui Trong Duong , Vu Nguyen Thanh , Chris Ngo , Tri Quang Truong , Truong-Son Hy

With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly impacted a wide array of domains, including healthcare, engineering, science, education, and mathematical reasoning. Among these,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Afrar Jahin , Arif Hassan Zidan , Wei Zhang , Yu Bao , Tianming Liu

The emergence of long-context language models with context windows extending to millions of tokens has created new opportunities for sophisticated code understanding and software development evaluation. We propose LoCoBench, a comprehensive…

Processing and reasoning over long contexts is crucial for many practical applications of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as document comprehension and agent construction. Despite recent strides in making LLMs process contexts with more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Xinrong Zhang , Yingfa Chen , Shengding Hu , Zihang Xu , Junhao Chen , Moo Khai Hao , Xu Han , Zhen Leng Thai , Shuo Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) demonstrate remarkable problem-solving capabilities through extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning but often produce excessively verbose and redundant reasoning traces. This inefficiency incurs high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Jiaxuan Gao , Shu Yan , Qixin Tan , Lu Yang , Shusheng Xu , Wei Fu , Zhiyu Mei , Kaifeng Lyu , Yi Wu

Evaluating the abilities of large language models (LLMs) for tasks that require long-term memory and thus long-context reasoning, for example in conversational settings, is hampered by the existing benchmarks, which often lack narrative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mohammad Tavakoli , Alireza Salemi , Carrie Ye , Mohamed Abdalla , Hamed Zamani , J Ross Mitchell