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We study how to evaluate the quantitative information content of a region within an image for a particular label. To this end, we bridge class activation maps with information theory. We develop an informative class activation map…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Zhenyue Qin , Dongwoo Kim , Tom Gedeon

Acquiring the road surface conditions in advance based on visual technologies provides effective information for the planning and control system of autonomous vehicles, thus improving the safety and driving comfort of the vehicles.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Tianze Wang , Zhang Zhang , Chao Yue , Nuoran Li , Chao Sun

Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) with image-level labels has long been suffering from fragmentary object regions led by Class Activation Map (CAM), which is incapable of generating fine-grained masks for semantic segmentation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Jiren Mai , Fei Zhang , Junjie Ye , Marcus Kalander , Xian Zhang , WanKou Yang , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han

Weakly supervised object localization (WSOL) relaxes the requirement of dense annotations for object localization by using image-level classification masks to supervise its learning process. However, current WSOL methods suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Lei Zhu , Qi She , Qian Chen , Xiangxi Meng , Mufeng Geng , Lujia Jin , Zhe Jiang , Bin Qiu , Yunfei You , Yibao Zhang , Qiushi Ren , Yanye Lu

We present a simple approach to make pre-trained Vision Transformers (ViTs) interpretable for fine-grained analysis, aiming to identify and localize the traits that distinguish visually similar categories, such as bird species. Pre-trained…

Multi-modal medical image segmentation plays an essential role in clinical diagnosis. It remains challenging as the input modalities are often not well-aligned spatially. Existing learning-based methods mainly consider sharing trainable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Jingkun Chen , Wenqi Li , Hongwei Li , Jianguo Zhang

In computer vision, disentangling techniques aim at improving latent representations of images by modeling factors of variation. In this paper, we propose DualDis, a new auto-encoder-based framework that disentangles and linearizes class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Thomas Robert , Nicolas Thome , Matthieu Cord

As the performance gains from accelerating quantized matrix multiplication plateau, the softmax operation becomes the critical bottleneck in Transformer inference. This bottleneck stems from two hardware limitations: (1) limited data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zisheng Ye , Xiaoyu He , Maoyuan Song , Guoliang Qiu , Chao Liao , Chen Wu , Yonggang Sun , Zhichun Li , Xiaoru Xie , Yuanyong Luo , Hu Liu , Pinyan Lu , Heng Liao

Most existing weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) methods rely on Class Activation Mapping (CAM) to extract coarse class-specific localization maps using image-level labels. Prior works have commonly used an off-line heuristic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Lian Xu , Mohammed Bennamoun , Farid Boussaid , Wanli Ouyang , Ferdous Sohel , Dan Xu

In recent years, weakly supervised semantic segmentation using image-level labels as supervision has received significant attention in the field of computer vision. Most existing methods have addressed the challenges arising from the lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Rozhan Ahmadi , Shohreh Kasaei

Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) with image-level labels typically uses Class Activation Maps (CAM) to achieve dense predictions. Recently, Vision Transformer (ViT) has provided an alternative to generate localization maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Zhiwei Yang , Yucong Meng , Kexue Fu , Shuo Wang , Zhijian Song

The pixel-wise dense prediction tasks based on weakly supervisions currently use Class Attention Maps (CAM) to generate pseudo masks as ground-truth. However, the existing methods typically depend on the painstaking training modules, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Yanpeng Sun , Zechao Li

Non-local (NL) block is a popular module that demonstrates the capability to model global contexts. However, NL block generally has heavy computation and memory costs, so it is impractical to apply the block to high-resolution feature maps.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Yooshin Cho , Youngsoo Kim , Hanbyel Cho , Jaesung Ahn , Hyeong Gwon Hong , Junmo Kim

Early detection and accurate diagnosis are essential to improving patient outcomes. The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for tumor detection has shown promise, but existing models often suffer from overparameterization, which…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-09 Muhammad Irfan , Anum Nawaz , Riku Klen , Abdulhamit Subasi , Tomi Westerlund , Wei Chen

We present a two-stage learning framework for weakly supervised object localization (WSOL). While most previous efforts rely on high-level feature based CAMs (Class Activation Maps), this paper proposes to localize objects using the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Jinheng Xie , Cheng Luo , Xiangping Zhu , Ziqi Jin , Weizeng Lu , Linlin Shen

Class activation map (CAM) has been widely studied for visual explanation of the internal working mechanism of convolutional neural networks. The key of existing CAM-based methods is to compute effective weights to combine activation maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Hui Li , Zihao Li , Rui Ma , Tieru Wu

Face recognition has been an active and vital topic among computer vision community for a long time. Previous researches mainly focus on loss functions used for facial feature extraction network, among which the improvements of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Xiang An , Xuhan Zhu , Yang Xiao , Lan Wu , Ming Zhang , Yuan Gao , Bin Qin , Debing Zhang , Ying Fu

In recent years, artificial intelligence is increasingly being applied widely in many different fields and has a profound and direct impact on human life. Following this is the need to understand the principles of the model making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Quoc Hung Cao , Truong Thanh Hung Nguyen , Vo Thanh Khang Nguyen , Xuan Phong Nguyen

As deep learning continues to advance, the transparency of neural network decision-making remains a critical challenge, limiting trust and applicability in high-stakes domains. Class Activation Mapping (CAM) techniques have emerged as a key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Hongjie He , Xu Pan , Yudong Yao

In this paper, we propose an efficient saliency map generation method, called Group score-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Group-CAM), which adopts the "split-transform-merge" strategy to generate saliency maps. Specifically, for an input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Qinglong Zhang , Lu Rao , Yubin Yang