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The governance of frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems--particularly those capable of catastrophic misuse or systemic failure--requires institutional structures that are robust, adaptive, and innovation-preserving. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Nicholas Stetler

Prominent AI experts have suggested that companies developing high-risk AI systems should be required to show that such systems are safe before they can be developed or deployed. The goal of this paper is to expand on this idea and explore…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Akash R. Wasil , Joshua Clymer , David Krueger , Emily Dardaman , Simeon Campos , Evan R. Murphy

Frontier AI systems are being adopted across Africa, yet most AI safety evaluations are designed and validated in Western environments. In this paper, we argue that the portability gap can leave Africa-centric pathways to severe harm…

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are being readily and rapidly adopted, increasingly permeating critical domains: from consumer platforms and enterprise software to networked systems with embedded agents. While this has unlocked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Amy Chang , Tiffany Saade , Sanket Mendapara , Adam Swanda , Ankit Garg

Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have sparked growing concerns among experts, policymakers, and world leaders regarding the potential for increasingly advanced AI systems to pose catastrophic risks. Although numerous risks…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Dan Hendrycks , Mantas Mazeika , Thomas Woodside

Risk thresholds provide a measure of the level of risk exposure that a society or individual is willing to withstand, ultimately shaping how we determine the safety of technological systems. Against the backdrop of the Cold War, the first…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Heidy Khlaaf , Sarah Myers West

Although discourse around the risks of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has grown, it often lacks a comprehensive, multidimensional framework, and concrete causal pathways mapping hazard to harm. This paper aims to bridge this gap by examining…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ze Shen Chin

International institutions may have an important role to play in ensuring advanced AI systems benefit humanity. International collaborations can unlock AI's ability to further sustainable development, and coordination of regulatory efforts…

As generative AI systems, including large language models (LLMs) and diffusion models, advance rapidly, their growing adoption has led to new and complex security risks often overlooked in traditional AI risk assessment frameworks. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Aviral Srivastava , Sourav Panda

Frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems pose increasing risks to society, making it essential for developers to provide assurances about their safety. One approach to offering such assurances is through a safety case: a structured,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Arthur Goemans , Marie Davidsen Buhl , Jonas Schuett , Tomek Korbak , Jessica Wang , Benjamin Hilton , Geoffrey Irving

As frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more capable, it becomes more important that developers can explain why their systems are sufficiently safe. One way to do so is via safety cases: reports that make a structured…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Marie Davidsen Buhl , Gaurav Sett , Leonie Koessler , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

Several jurisdictions are starting to regulate frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems, i.e. general-purpose AI systems that match or exceed the capabilities present in the most advanced systems. To reduce risks from these systems,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung , Alexis Carlier , Leonie Koessler , Ben Garfinkel

This paper presents a novel, structured decision support framework that systematically aligns diverse artificial intelligence (AI) agent architectures, reactive, cognitive, hybrid, and learning, with the comprehensive National Institute of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Masike Malatji

AI is moving from domain-specific autonomy in closed, predictable settings to large-language-model-driven agents that plan and act in open, cross-organizational environments. As a result, the cybersecurity risk landscape is changing in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Alsharif Abuadbba , Nazatul Sultan , Surya Nepal , Sanjay Jha

Over the past year, artificial intelligence (AI) companies have been increasingly adopting AI safety frameworks. These frameworks outline how companies intend to keep the potential risks associated with developing and deploying frontier AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Jide Alaga , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

Mitigating the risks from frontier AI systems requires up-to-date and reliable information about those systems. Organizations that develop and deploy frontier systems have significant access to such information. By reporting safety-critical…

Prominent AI companies are producing 'safety frameworks' as a type of voluntary self-governance. These statements purport to establish risk thresholds and safety procedures for the development and deployment of highly capable AI.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Sam Coggins , Alexander K. Saeri , Katherine A. Daniell , Lorenn P. Ruster , Jessie Liu , Jenny L. Davis

This paper maps Africa's distinctive AI risk profile, from deepfake fuelled electoral interference and data colonial dependency to compute scarcity, labour disruption and disproportionate exposure to climate driven environmental costs.…

The governance of frontier general-purpose artificial intelligence has become a public-sector problem of institutional design, not merely a technical issue of model performance. Recent evidence indicates that AI capabilities are advancing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Fabio Correa Xavier

Frontier AI companies first deploy their most advanced models internally, for weeks or months of safety testing, evaluation, and iteration, before a possible public release. For example, Anthropic recently developed a new class of model…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Oscar Delaney , Sambhav Maheshwari , Joe O'Brien , Theo Bearman , Oliver Guest