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Related papers: On Flow Matching KL Divergence

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$f$-divergences, which quantify discrepancy between probability distributions, are ubiquitous in information theory, machine learning, and statistics. While there are numerous methods for estimating $f$-divergences from data, a limit…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-13 Sreejith Sreekumar , Ziv Goldfeld , Kengo Kato

We present theoretical convergence guarantees for ODE-based generative models, specifically flow matching. We use a pre-trained autoencoder network to map high-dimensional original inputs to a low-dimensional latent space, where a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-30 Yuling Jiao , Yanming Lai , Yang Wang , Bokai Yan

In this paper, we delve deeper into the Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence loss and mathematically prove that it is equivalent to the Decoupled Kullback-Leibler (DKL) Divergence loss that consists of 1) a weighted Mean Square Error (wMSE)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jiequan Cui , Zhuotao Tian , Zhisheng Zhong , Xiaojuan Qi , Bei Yu , Hanwang Zhang

Diffusion models have revolutionized generative tasks through high-fidelity outputs, yet flow matching (FM) offers faster inference and empirical performance gains. However, current foundation FM models are computationally prohibitive for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Johannes Schusterbauer , Ming Gui , Frank Fundel , Björn Ommer

We present new and improved non-asymptotic deviation bounds for Dirichlet processes (DPs), formulated using the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, which is known for its optimal characterization of the asymptotic behavior of DPs. Our method…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Pierre Perrault

We study the approximation of arbitrary distributions $P$ on $d$-dimensional space by distributions with log-concave density. Approximation means minimizing a Kullback--Leibler-type functional. We show that such an approximation exists if…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-10-17 Lutz Duembgen , Richard Samworth , Dominic Schuhmacher

Generating a Boltzmann distribution in high dimension has recently been achieved with Normalizing Flows, which enable fast and exact computation of the generated density, and thus unbiased estimation of expectations. However, current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Loris Felardos , Jérôme Hénin , Guillaume Charpiat

Flow matching has emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling, offering computational advantages over diffusion models by leveraging deterministic Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) instead of stochastic dynamics. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Chengyue Gong , Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Jiangxuan Long , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Yu Tian

Deep nonlinear models pose a challenge for fitting parameters due to lack of knowledge of the hidden layer and the potentially non-affine relation of the initial and observed layers. In the present work we investigate the use of information…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-12-20 Jacob S. Hunter , Nathan O. Hodas

Diffusion Bridge and Flow Matching have both demonstrated compelling empirical performance in transformation between arbitrary distributions. However, there remains confusion about which approach is generally preferable, and the substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Kaizhen Zhu , Mokai Pan , Zhechuan Yu , Jingya Wang , Jingyi Yu , Ye Shi

Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is a fundamental concept in information theory that quantifies the discrepancy between two probability distributions. In the context of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), it serves as a central regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Andrés Muñoz , Rodrigo Ramele

Generative models have achieved remarkable success across a range of applications, yet their evaluation still lacks principled uncertainty quantification. In this paper, we develop a method for comparing how close different generative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-24 Zijun Gao , Yan Sun , Han Su

Flow-based generative models enjoy certain advantages in computing the data generation and the likelihood, and have recently shown competitive empirical performance. Compared to the accumulating theoretical studies on related score-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-30 Xiuyuan Cheng , Jianfeng Lu , Yixin Tan , Yao Xie

Let $V_* : \mathbb{R}^d \to \mathbb{R}$ be some (possibly non-convex) potential function, and consider the probability measure $\pi \propto e^{-V_*}$. When $\pi$ exhibits multiple modes, it is known that sampling techniques based on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-24 Carles Domingo-Enrich , Aram-Alexandre Pooladian

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for modern generative modeling, demonstrating strong potential for large language models (LLMs). Unlike conventional autoregressive (AR) models that generate tokens sequentially,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Gen Li , Changxiao Cai

Riemannian flow matching (RFM) extends flow-based generative modeling to data supported on manifolds by learning a time-dependent tangent vector field whose flow-ODE transports a simple base distribution to the data law. We develop a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-06 Yunrui Guan , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Shiqian Ma

We present a statistical mechanical framework based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) to analyze the relativistic limits of decoding time-encoded information from a moving source. By modeling the symbol durations as…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-31 Tatsuaki Tsuruyama

Expectation maximization (EM) is the default algorithm for fitting probabilistic models with missing or latent variables, yet we lack a full understanding of its non-asymptotic convergence properties. Previous works show results along the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Frederik Kunstner , Raunak Kumar , Mark Schmidt

The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is a foundational measure for comparing probability distributions. Yet in multivariate settings, its single value often obscures the underlying reasons for divergence, conflating mismatches in individual…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-06 William Cook

Estimating the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between two distributions given samples from them is well-studied in machine learning and information theory. Motivated by considerations of multi-group fairness, we seek KL divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Parikshit Gopalan , Nina Narodytska , Omer Reingold , Vatsal Sharan , Udi Wieder