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Accurate and timely rain prediction is crucial for decision making and is also a challenging task. This paper presents a solution which won the 2 nd prize in the Weather4cast 2022 NeurIPS competition using 3D U-Nets and EarthFormers for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Yang Li , Haiyu Dong , Zuliang Fang , Jonathan Weyn , Pete Luferenko

Despite continuous improvements, precipitation forecasts are still not as accurate and reliable as those of other meteorological variables. A major contributing factor to this is that several key processes affecting precipitation…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Lucy Harris , Andrew T. T. McRae , Matthew Chantry , Peter D. Dueben , Tim N. Palmer

This work addresses the challenge of forecasting urban water dynamics by developing a multi-input, multi-output deep learning model that incorporates both endogenous variables (e.g., water height or discharge) and exogenous factors (e.g.,…

Meteorological satellite imagery is critical for meteorologists. The data have played an important role in monitoring and analyzing weather and climate changes. However, satellite imagery is a kind of observation data and exists a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Fang Huang , Wencong Cheng , PanFeng Wang , ZhiGang Wang , HongHong He

With the goal of predicting the future rainfall intensity in a local region over a relatively short period time, precipitation nowcasting has been a long-time scientific challenge with great social and economic impact. The radar echo…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Bi-Ying Yan , Chao Yang , Feng Chen , Kohei Takeda , Changjun Wang

Accurate weather prediction is essential for many aspects of life, notably the early warning of extreme weather events such as rainstorms. Short-term predictions of these events rely on forecasts from numerical weather models, in which,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Guoxing Chen , Wei-Chyung Wang

In recent years traditional numerical methods for accurate weather prediction have been increasingly challenged by deep learning methods. Numerous historical datasets used for short and medium-range weather forecasts are typically organized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Andrea Asperti , Fabio Merizzi , Alberto Paparella , Giorgio Pedrazzi , Matteo Angelinelli , Stefano Colamonaco

Weather forecasting supports critical socioeconomic activities and complements environmental protection, yet operational Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) systems remain computationally intensive, thus being inefficient for certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Nikolas Stavrou , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Predicting precipitation maps is a highly complex spatiotemporal modeling task, critical for mitigating the impacts of extreme weather events. Short-term precipitation forecasting, or nowcasting, requires models that are not only accurate…

To this day, accurately simulating local-scale precipitation and reliably reproducing its distribution remains a challenging task. The limited horizontal resolution of Global Climate Models is among the primary factors undermining their…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Marcello Iotti , Paolo Davini , Jost von Hardenberg , Giuseppe Zappa

Precipitation nowcasting based on radar echoes plays a crucial role in monitoring extreme weather and supporting disaster prevention. Although deep learning approaches have achieved significant progress, they still face notable limitations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Kaiyi Xu , Junchao Gong , Wenlong Zhang , Ben Fei , Lei Bai , Wanli Ouyang

Deep learning models have achieved remarkable progress in precipitation prediction. However, they still face significant challenges in accurately capturing spatial details of radar images, particularly in regions of high precipitation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Li Chaorong , Ling Xudong , Yang Qiang , Qin Fengqing , Huang Yuanyuan

Although deep learning models have demonstrated remarkable potential in weather prediction, most of them overlook either the \textbf{physics} of the underlying weather evolution or the \textbf{topology} of the Earth's surface. In light of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Jiaqi Zheng , Qing Ling , Yerong Feng

Radar-based precipitation nowcasting, the task of forecasting short-term precipitation fields from previous radar images, is a critical problem for flood risk management and decision-making. While deep learning has substantially advanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Bernardo Perrone Ribeiro , Jana Faganeli Pucer

Earth system forecasting has traditionally relied on complex physical models that are computationally expensive and require significant domain expertise. In the past decade, the unprecedented increase in spatiotemporal Earth observation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Zhihan Gao , Xingjian Shi , Boran Han , Hao Wang , Xiaoyong Jin , Danielle Maddix , Yi Zhu , Mu Li , Yuyang Wang

Urban downscaling is a link to transfer the knowledge from coarser climate information to city scale assessments. These high-resolution assessments need multiyear climatology of past data and future projections, which are complex and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-09-16 Manmeet Singh , Nachiketa Acharya , Sajad Jamshidi , Junfeng Jiao , Zong-Liang Yang , Marc Coudert , Zach Baumer , Dev Niyogi

Applications of satellite data in areas such as weather tracking and modeling, ecosystem monitoring, wildfire detection, and land-cover change are heavily dependent on the trade-offs to spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Thomas Vandal , Ramakrishna Nemani

Solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity in history. Unfortunately, significantly increasing the grid's fraction of solar energy remains challenging due to its variability, which makes balancing electricity's supply and demand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Akansha Singh Bansal , Trapit Bansal , David Irwin

Estimating motion from spatiotemporal geoscientific data is a fundamental component of many environmental modeling and forecasting tasks. In this work, we propose a physics-informed deep learning framework for estimating altitude-wise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Peter Pavlík , Anna Bou Ezzeddine , Viera Rozinajová

Accurate medium-range precipitation forecasting is crucial for hydrometeorological risk management and disaster mitigation, yet remains challenging for current numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. Traditional ensemble systems such as…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Tianyi Xiong , Haonan Chen
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