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Image Steganography is a cryptographic technique that embeds secret information into an image, ensuring the hidden data remains undetectable to the human eye while preserving the image's original visual integrity. Least Significant Bit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Nicholas DiSalvo

Vision-language models (VLMs) have revolutionized multimodal AI applications but introduce novel security vulnerabilities that remain largely unexplored. We present the first comprehensive study of steganographic prompt injection attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Chetan Pathade

As one of the most promising technologies for intellicise (intelligent and consice) wireless networks, Semantic Communication (SemCom) significantly improves communication efficiency by extracting, transmitting, and recovering semantic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Rui Meng , Song Gao , Haixiao Gao , Yinqiu Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Mengying Sun , Xiaodong Xu , Ping Zhang , Dusit Niyato

Whereas cryptography easily arouses attacks by means of encrypting a secret message into a suspicious form, steganography is advantageous for its resilience to attacks by concealing the message in an innocent-looking cover signal. Minimal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Kejiang Chen , Hang Zhou , Yaofei Wang , Menghan Li , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

LLMs have revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence and have emerged as the de-facto tool for many tasks. The current established technology of LLMs is to process input and generate output at the token level. This is in sharp…

Contextual word representations generated by language models (LMs) learn spurious associations present in the training corpora. Recent findings reveal that adversaries can exploit these associations to reverse-engineer the private…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Geetanjali Bihani

Understanding the latent space geometry of large language models (LLMs) is key to interpreting their behavior and improving alignment. Yet it remains unclear to what extent LLMs linearly organize representations related to semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Baturay Saglam , Paul Kassianik , Blaine Nelson , Sajana Weerawardhena , Yaron Singer , Amin Karbasi

Image steganography is a procedure for hiding messages inside pictures. While other techniques such as cryptography aim to prevent adversaries from reading the secret message, steganography aims to hide the presence of the message itself.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Kevin Alex Zhang , Alfredo Cuesta-Infante , Lei Xu , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Steganography is the art and science of hiding secret messages in public communication so that the presence of the secret messages cannot be detected. There are two distribution-preserving steganographic frameworks, one is sampling-based…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Kejiang Chen , Hang Zhou , Hanqing Zhao , Dongdong Chen , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Steganography is an information hiding application which aims to hide secret data imperceptibly into a commonly used media. Unfortunately, the theoretical hiding asymptotical capacity of steganographic systems is not attained by algorithms…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-07-06 H. Rifà-Pous , J. Rifà , L. Ronquillo

Semantic communication (SemCom), as a novel paradigm for future communication systems, has recently attracted much attention due to its superiority in communication efficiency. However, similar to traditional communication, it also suffers…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Song Gao , Rui Meng , Xiaodong Xu , Haixiao Gao , Yiming Liu , Chenyuan Feng , Ping Zhang , Tony Q. S. Quek , Dusit Niyato

Semantic Communication (SemCom), leveraging its significant advantages in transmission efficiency and reliability, has emerged as a core technology for constructing future intellicise (intelligent and concise) wireless networks. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Rui Meng , Song Gao , Bingxuan Xu , Xiaodong Xu , Jianqiao Chen , Nan Ma , Pei Xiao , Ping Zhang , Rahim Tafazolli

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) leverage aligned visual encoders to transform images into visual tokens, allowing them to be processed similarly to text by the backbone large language model (LLM). This unified input paradigm enables VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Bangzheng Li , Fei Wang , Wenxuan Zhou , Nan Xu , Ben Zhou , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Muhao Chen

With the rapid development of Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies, text steganography methods have been significantly innovated recently, which poses a great threat to cybersecurity. In this paper, we propose a novel attentional…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-02-21 YongJian Bao , Hao Yang , Zhongliang Yang , Sheng Liu , Yongfeng Huang

Large language models can rewrite text to embed hidden payloads while preserving surface-level meaning, a capability that opens covert channels between cooperating AI systems and poses challenges for alignment monitoring. We study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Andrii Shportko

In the face of escalating surveillance and censorship within the cyberspace, the sanctity of personal privacy has come under siege, necessitating the development of steganography, which offers a way to securely hide messages within…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Minhao Bai , Jinshuai Yang , Kaiyi Pang , Yongfeng Huang , Yue Gao

Steganography is the science of hiding a secret message within an ordinary public message. Over the years, steganography has been used to encode a lower resolution image into a higher resolution image by simple methods like LSB…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Abhishek Das , Japsimar Singh Wahi , Mansi Anand , Yugant Rana

Contextual word embeddings obtained from pre-trained language model (PLM) have proven effective for various natural language processing tasks at the word level. However, interpreting the hidden aspects within embeddings, such as syntax and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Nayoung Choi

Steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messages in such a way that no one apart from the sender and the receiver would realize that a secret communicating is taking place. Unlike cryptography which only scrambles secret data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-12-13 Youssef Bassil

This study discusses a new method combining image steganography technology with Natural Language Processing (NLP) large models, aimed at improving the accuracy and robustness of extracting steganographic text. Traditional Least Significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Mingyang Li , Maoqin Yuan , Luyao Li , Han Pengsihua