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The proliferation of multi-source remote sensing data has propelled the development of deep learning for dense prediction, yet significant challenges in data and task unification persist. Current deep learning architectures for remote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Sijie Zhao , Feng Liu , Enzhuo Zhang , Yiqing Guo , Pengfeng Xiao , Lei Bai , Xueliang Zhang , Hao Chen

Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) have recently emerged as general-purpose forecasting models and show considerable potential for applications in energy systems. However, applications in critical infrastructure like power grids require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Matthias Hertel , Alexandra Nikoltchovska , Sebastian Pütz , Ralf Mikut , Benjamin Schäfer , Veit Hagenmeyer

Inductive spatial temporal prediction can generalize historical data to predict unseen data, crucial for highly dynamic scenarios (e.g., traffic systems, stock markets). However, external events (e.g., urban structural growth, market crash)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Jialun Zheng , Divya Saxena , Jiannong Cao , Hanchen Yang , Penghui Ruan

Although spatio-temporal graph neural networks have achieved great empirical success in handling multiple correlated time series, they may be impractical in some real-world scenarios due to a lack of sufficient high-quality training data.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-10 Chao Pan , Siheng Chen , Antonio Ortega

Due to the extensive availability of operation data, data-driven methods show strong capabilities in predicting building energy loads. Buildings with similar features often share energy patterns, reflected by spatial dependencies in their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yongzheng Liu , Yiming Wang , Po Xu , Yingjie Xu , Yuntian Chen , Dongxiao Zhang

Traffic prediction has been an active research topic in the domain of spatial-temporal data mining. Accurate real-time traffic prediction is essential to improve the safety, stability, and versatility of smart city systems, i.e., traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Xunlian Luo , Chunjiang Zhu , Detian Zhang , Qing Li

Mobile network traffic forecasting is one of the key functions in daily network operation. A commercial mobile network is large, heterogeneous, complex and dynamic. These intrinsic features make mobile network traffic forecasting far from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Xing Wang , Juan Zhao , Lin Zhu , Xu Zhou , Zhao Li , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Yong Zhang

Time series forecasting lies at the core of important real-world applications in many fields of science and engineering. The abundance of large time series datasets that consist of complex patterns and long-term dependencies has led to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Nancy Xu , Chrysoula Kosma , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Spatial-temporal graph neural networks (STGNNs) have achieved significant success in various time series forecasting tasks. However, due to the lack of explicit and fixed spatial relationships in stock prediction tasks, many STGNNs fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Wenbo Yan , Ying Tan

Extrapolating future weather radar echoes from past observations is a complex task vital for precipitation nowcasting. The spatial morphology and temporal evolution of radar echoes exhibit a certain degree of correlation, yet they also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Liangyu Xu , Wanxuan Lu , Hongfeng Yu , Fanglong Yao , Xian Sun , Kun Fu

With the fast development of various positioning techniques such as Global Position System (GPS), mobile devices and remote sensing, spatio-temporal data has become increasingly available nowadays. Mining valuable knowledge from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Senzhang Wang , Jiannong Cao , Philip S. Yu

Small Earth data are geoscience observations with limited short-term monitoring variability, providing sparse but meaningful measurements, typically exhibiting spatiotemporal correlations. Spatiotemporal forecasting on such data is crucial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yuting Yang , Gang Mei , Zhengjing Ma , Nengxiong Xu , Jianbing Peng

The ionosphere critically influences Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), satellite communications, and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) operations, yet accurate prediction of its variability remains challenging due to nonlinear couplings…

Spatio-temporal graphs (ST-graphs) have been used to model time series tasks such as traffic forecasting, human motion modeling, and action recognition. The high-level structure and corresponding features from ST-graphs have led to improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Aamir Hasan , Pranav Sriram , Katherine Driggs-Campbell

Traffic flow prediction plays a critical role in the intelligent transportation system, and it is also a challenging task because of the underlying complex Spatio-temporal patterns and heterogeneities evolving across time. However, most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Jiyao Wang , Zehua Peng , Yijia Zhang , Dengbo He , Lei Chen

Recently, numerous deep models have been proposed to enhance the performance of multivariate time series (MTS) forecasting. Among them, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)-based methods have shown great potential due to their capability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jingqi Xu , Guibin Chen , Jingxi Lu , Yuzhang Lin

This paper presents an advanced Federated Learning (FL) framework for forecasting complex spatiotemporal data, improving upon recent state-of-the-art models. In the proposed approach, the original Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) module within…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Thien Pham , Angelo Furno , Faïcel Chamroukhi , Latifa Oukhellou

Spatio-temporal forecasting is challenging attributing to the high nonlinearity in temporal dynamics as well as complex location-characterized patterns in spatial domains, especially in fields like weather forecasting. Graph convolutions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Haitao Lin , Zhangyang Gao , Yongjie Xu , Lirong Wu , Ling Li , Stan. Z. Li

Traffic forecasting is a cornerstone of smart city management, enabling efficient resource allocation and transportation planning. Deep learning, with its ability to capture complex nonlinear patterns in spatiotemporal (ST) data, has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Hongjun Wang , Jiyuan Chen , Tong Pan , Zheng Dong , Lingyu Zhang , Renhe Jiang , Xuan Song

We investigate the effectiveness of time series foundation models (TSFMs) for crowd flow prediction, focusing on Moirai and TimesFM. Evaluated on three real-world mobility datasets-Bike NYC, Taxi Beijing, and Spanish national OD flows-these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Massimiliano Luca , Ciro Beneduce , Bruno Lepri