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Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable performance in many vision-language tasks, yet their capabilities in fine-grained visual understanding remain insufficiently evaluated. Existing benchmarks either contain limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Fengbin Zhu , Ziyang Liu , Xiang Yao Ng , Haohui Wu , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Chao Wang , Huanbo Luan , Tat Seng Chua

Using Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) as judges to achieve precise and consistent evaluations has gradually become an emerging paradigm across various domains. Evaluating the capability and reliability of MLLM-as-a-judge systems is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zeyu Chen , Huanjin Yao , Ziwang Zhao , Min Yang

With the increasing application of large language models (LLMs) in the medical domain, evaluating these models' performance using benchmark datasets has become crucial. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of various benchmark…

The tendency to find and exploit "shortcuts" to complete tasks poses significant risks for reliable assessment and deployment of large language models (LLMs). For example, an LLM agent with access to unit tests may delete failing tests…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ziqian Zhong , Aditi Raghunathan , Nicholas Carlini

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world, agentic settings where outputs must not only be correct, but also conform to predefined data schemas. Despite recent progress in structured generation in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Di Feng , Kaixin Ma , Feng Nan , Haofeng Chen , Bohan Zhai , David Griffiths , Mingfei Gao , Zhe Gan , Eshan Verma , Yinfei Yang , Zhifeng Chen , Afshin Dehghan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have displayed remarkable performance in multi-modal tasks, particularly in visual comprehension. However, we reveal that MLLMs often generate incorrect answers even when they understand the visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yexin Liu , Zhengyang Liang , Yueze Wang , Xianfeng Wu , Feilong Tang , Muyang He , Jian Li , Zheng Liu , Harry Yang , Sernam Lim , Bo Zhao

Few-shot learning benchmarks are critical for evaluating modern NLP techniques. It is possible, however, that benchmarks favor methods which easily make use of unlabeled text, because researchers can use unlabeled text from the test set to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Kush Dubey

Visual reasoning is central to human cognition, enabling individuals to interpret and abstractly understand their environment. Although recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Jing Bi , Junjia Guo , Susan Liang , Guangyu Sun , Luchuan Song , Yunlong Tang , Jinxi He , Jiarui Wu , Ali Vosoughi , Chen Chen , Chenliang Xu

As large language models achieve impressive scores on traditional benchmarks, an increasing number of researchers are becoming concerned about benchmark data leakage during pre-training, commonly known as the data contamination problem. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Kun Qian , Shunji Wan , Claudia Tang , Youzhi Wang , Xuanming Zhang , Maximillian Chen , Zhou Yu

Object level hallucination remains a central reliability challenge for vision language models (VLMs), particularly in binary object existence verification. Existing benchmarks emphasize aggregate accuracy but rarely disentangle whether…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 JiYang Wang , Jiawei Chen , Mengqi Xiao , Yu Cheng , Yangfu Li , Zhaoxia Yin

As current Multimodal Large Language Models rapidly saturate canonical visual reasoning benchmarks, a key question emerges: do these strong scores genuinely reflect robust visual understanding? We identify a pervasive vulnerability, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xia Hu , Zhenrui Yue , Brian Potetz , Howard Zhou , Leonidas Guibas , Chun-Ta Lu , Zhicheng Wang

The development of LLM agents has led to a growing body of work on knowledge-work AI, including coding, research, and healthcare. However, current knowledge-work evaluation and benchmark design still largely follow the logic of traditional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yining Hua , Hongbin Na , Cyrus Ayubcha , Levi Lian

Recent efforts to accelerate inference in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have largely focused on visual token compression. The effectiveness of these methods is commonly evaluated by measuring the accuracy drop on existing MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Chenfei Liao , Wensong Wang , Zichen Wen , Xu Zheng , Yiyu Wang , Haocong He , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Lutao Jiang , Xin Zou , Yuqian Fu , Bin Ren , Linfeng Zhang , Xuming Hu

Multimodal Large Language Models are primarily trained and evaluated on aligned image-text pairs, which leaves their ability to detect and resolve real-world inconsistencies largely unexplored. In open-domain applications visual and textual…

The rapid progress and widespread deployment of LLMs and LLM-powered agents has outpaced our ability to evaluate them. Hand-crafted, static benchmarks are the primary tool for assessing model capabilities, but these quickly become…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Amanda Dsouza , Harit Vishwakarma , Zhengyang Qi , Justin Bauer , Derek Pham , Thomas Walshe , Armin Parchami , Frederic Sala , Paroma Varma

In this paper, we tackle a critical challenge in model evaluation: how to keep code benchmarks useful when models might have already seen them during training. We introduce a novel solution, dynamic benchmarking framework, to address this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Batu Guan , Xiao Wu , Yuanyuan Yuan , Shaohua Li

The era of large language models (LLM) raises questions not only about how to train models, but also about how to evaluate them. Despite numerous existing benchmarks, insufficient attention is often given to creating assessments that test…

As language models improve and become capable of performing more complex tasks across modalities, evaluating them automatically becomes increasingly challenging. Developing strong and robust task-specific automatic metrics gets harder, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 José Pombal , Nuno M. Guerreiro , Ricardo Rei , André F. T. Martins

In NLP, models are usually evaluated by reporting single-number performance scores on a number of readily available benchmarks, without much deeper analysis. Here, we argue that - especially given the well-known fact that benchmarks often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Daniel Simig , Tianlu Wang , Verna Dankers , Peter Henderson , Khuyagbaatar Batsuren , Dieuwke Hupkes , Mona Diab

As frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly saturate new benchmarks shortly after they are published, benchmarking itself is at a juncture: if frontier models keep improving, it will become increasingly hard for humans to generate…