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We demonstrate that the matrix quantum group $SL_q(2)$ gives rise to nontrivial matrix product operator representations of the Lie group $SL(2)$, providing an explicit characterization of the nontrivial global $SU(2)$ symmetry of the XXZ…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-15 Romain Couvreur , Laurens Lootens , Frank Verstraete

We discuss the issues with tentative generalisations of the process matrix formalism from finite-dimensional mechanical systems all the way to quantum field theory. We present a detailed overview of possible open problems that arise when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Nikola Paunkovic , Marko Vojinovic

We present a general method for simulating lattice gauge theories in low dimensions using infinite matrix product states (iMPS). A central challenge in Hamiltonian formulations of gauge theories is the unbounded local Hilbert space…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-08-21 Nicholas Godfrey , Ian P. McCulloch

We provide theory, algorithms, and simulations of non-equilibrium quantum systems using a one-dimensional (1D) completely-positive (CP), matrix-product (MP) density-operator ($\rho$) representation. By generalizing the matrix product…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Amit Jamadagni , Eugene Dumitrescu

Matrix-product unitaries (MPUs) are many-body unitary operators that, as a consequence of their tensor-network structure, preserve the entanglement area law in 1D systems. However, it is unknown how to implement an MPU as a quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Georgios Styliaris , Rahul Trivedi , J. Ignacio Cirac

We classify the different ways in which matrix product states (MPSs) can stay invariant under the action of matrix product operator (MPO) symmetries. This is achieved through a local characterization of how the MPSs, that generate a ground…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-02-22 José Garre-Rubio , Laurens Lootens , András Molnár

We consider continuous structures which are obtained from finite dimensional Hilbert spaces over $\mathbb{C}$ by adding some unitary operators. Quantum automata and quantum circuits are naturally interpretable in such structures. We…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-06-19 Aleksander Ivanov

There are several important abstract operator systems with the convex cone of positive semidefinite matrices at the first level. Well-known are the operator systems of separable matrices, of positive semidefinite matrices, and of block…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Martin Berger , Tim Netzer

An algorithm is presented which computes a translationally invariant matrix product state approximation of the ground state of an infinite 1D system; it does this by embedding sites into an approximation of the infinite ``environment'' of…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-08-18 Gregory M. Crosswhite , Andrew C. Doherty , Guifre Vidal

We present a general construction of matrix product states for stationary density matrices of one-dimensional quantum spin systems kept out of equilibrium through boundary Lindblad dynamics. As an application we review the isotropic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-12-13 D. Karevski , V. Popkov , G. M. Schütz

In this paper, we present a formalism for representing infinite systems in quantum mechanics by employing a strategy that embraces divergences rather than avoiding them. We do this by representing physical quantities such as inner products,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-30 Gregory M. Crosswhite

We show that the model wave functions used to describe the fractional quantum Hall effect have exact representations as matrix product states (MPS). These MPS can be implemented numerically in the orbital basis of both finite and infinite…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-03-20 Michael P. Zaletel , Roger S. K. Mong

Strongly coupled quantum field theories in $(1+1)$ dimensions are notoriously hard to solve non-perturbatively. Variational methods, despite their success for quantum many-body physics on the lattice, have long lacked a natural ansatz…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-14 Antoine Tilloy

We introduce a new family of indecomposable positive linear maps based on entangled quantum states. Central to our construction is the notion of an unextendible product basis. The construction lets us create indecomposable positive linear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Barbara M. Terhal

We present an implementation of a continuous matrix product state for two-component fermions in one-dimension. We propose a construction of variational matrices with an efficient parameterization that respects the translational symmetry of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-03-19 Sangwoo S. Chung , Kuei Sun , C. J. Bolech

Baxter's Q-operator for the quantum transfer matrix of the XXZ spin-chain is constructed employing the representation theory of quantum groups. The spectrum of this Q-operator is discussed and novel functional relations which describe the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christian Korff

A variational ansatz for momentum eigenstates of translation invariant quantum spin chains is formulated. The matrix product state ansatz works directly in the thermodynamic limit and allows for an efficient implementation (cubic scaling in…

We quantify the representational power of matrix product states (MPS) for entangled qubit systems by giving polynomial expressions in a pure quantum state's amplitudes which hold if and only if the state is a translation invariant matrix…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-11 Andrew Critch , Jason Morton

Bandlimited approaches to quantum field theory offer the tantalizing possibility of working with fields that are simultaneously both continuous and discrete via the Shannon Sampling Theorem from signal processing. Conflicting assumptions in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 Dominic G. Lewis , Achim Kempf , Nicolas C. Menicucci

We propose an alternative to the infinite density-matrix renormalization approach for accessing quantum many-body states within a finite-size calculation that faithfully mimics the thermodynamic limit. Our method constructs environment…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-10 Souta Shimozono , Chisa Hotta