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One of the unsolved challenges in the field of Explainable AI (XAI) is determining how to most reliably estimate the quality of an explanation method in the absence of ground truth explanation labels. Resolving this issue is of utmost…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential as autonomous agents, approaching human-expert performance through advanced reasoning and tool orchestration. However, decision-making in fully dynamic and live…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-15 Tianyu Fan , Yuhao Yang , Yangqin Jiang , Yifei Zhang , Yuxuan Chen , Chao Huang

The advent of large language models (LLMs), such as GPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek, has significantly advanced natural language processing, giving rise to sophisticated chatbots capable of diverse language-related tasks. The transition from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jiachen Zhu , Menghui Zhu , Renting Rui , Rong Shan , Congmin Zheng , Bo Chen , Yunjia Xi , Jianghao Lin , Weiwen Liu , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Many promising-looking ideas in AI research fail to deliver, but their validation takes substantial human labor and compute. Predicting an idea's chance of success is thus crucial for accelerating empirical AI research, a skill that even…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiaxin Wen , Chenglei Si , Yueh-han Chen , He He , Shi Feng

Millions now use generative AI chatbots for psychological support. Despite the promise related to availability and scale, the single most pressing question in AI for mental health is whether these tools are safe. The Validation of Ethical…

The REAIM 2024 Blueprint for Action states that AI applications in the military domain should be ethical and human-centric and that humans must remain responsible and accountable for their use and effects. Developing rigorous test and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-04 David Helmer , Michael Boardman , S. Kate Conroy , Adam J. Hepworth , Manoj Harjani

Current agentic AI benchmarks predominantly evaluate task completion accuracy, while overlooking critical enterprise requirements such as cost-efficiency, reliability, and operational stability. Through systematic analysis of 12 main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sushant Mehta

Conversational agents (CAs) based on generative artificial intelligence frequently face challenges ensuring ethical interactions that align with human values. Current value alignment efforts largely rely on top-down approaches, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Lenart Motnikar , Katharina Baum , Alexander Kagan , Sarah Spiekermann-Hoff

We present Voice Evaluation of Reasoning Ability (VERA), a benchmark for evaluating reasoning ability in voice-interactive systems under real-time conversational constraints. VERA comprises 2,931 voice-native episodes derived from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-01 Yueqian Lin , Zhengmian Hu , Qinsi Wang , Yudong Liu , Hengfan Zhang , Jayakumar Subramanian , Nikos Vlassis , Hai Helen Li , Yiran Chen

As AI agents increasingly operate in open, real-world environments, they require a deep synergy of multimodal perception, tool invocation with multi-hop reasoning, and dynamic interaction with users. However, existing benchmarks fail to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yunqi Liu , Tong Niu , Zitong Wang , Zhenlong Dai , Yuqi Qing , Weiqiang Wang , Jian Liu

The emergence of "vibe coding" platforms, where users describe applications in natural language and AI agents autonomously generate full-stack software, has created a need for rigorous evaluation beyond code-level benchmarks. In order to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Siddhant Saxena , Nilesh Trivedi , Vinayaka Jyothi

AI pentesting agents are increasingly credible as offensive security systems, but current benchmarks still provide limited guidance on which will perform best in real-world targets. Existing evaluation protocols assess and optimize for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pedro Conde , Henrique Branquinho , Valerio Mazzone , Bruno Mendes , André Baptista , Nuno Moniz

The perceptual task of speech quality assessment (SQA) is a challenging task for machines to do. Objective SQA methods that rely on the availability of the corresponding clean reference have been the primary go-to approaches for SQA.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-19 Pranay Manocha , Buye Xu , Anurag Kumar

Prognostic and diagnostic AI-based medical devices hold immense promise for advancing healthcare, yet their rapid development has outpaced the establishment of appropriate validation methods. Existing approaches often fall short in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Florian Hellmeier , Kay Brosien , Carsten Eickhoff , Alexander Meyer

Automated regression testing is essential for maintaining rapid, high-quality delivery in Agile and Scrum organizations. Many teams, including Hacon (a Siemens company), face a persistent gap: validated test specifications accumulate faster…

Voice anti-spoofing aims at classifying a given utterance either as a bonafide human sample, or a spoofing attack (e.g. synthetic or replayed sample). Many anti-spoofing methods have been proposed but most of them fail to generalize across…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-23 Bhusan Chettri , Rosa González Hautamäki , Md Sahidullah , Tomi Kinnunen

Social and behavioral scientists increasingly aim to study how humans interact, collaborate, and make decisions alongside artificial intelligence. However, the experimental infrastructure for such work remains underdeveloped: (1) few…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Crystal Qian , Vivian Tsai , Michael Behr , Nada Hussein , Léo Laugier , Nithum Thain , Lucas Dixon

Benchmarks are the primary tool for assessing progress in artificial intelligence (AI), yet current practice evaluates models on isolated test suites and provides little guidance for reasoning about generality or autonomous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Przemyslaw Chojecki

Computer-Use Agents (CUAs) are emerging as a new paradigm in human-computer interaction, enabling autonomous execution of tasks in desktop environment by perceiving high-level natural-language instructions. As such agents become…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Marta Sumyk , Oleksandr Kosovan

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being explored in health and social care to reduce administrative workload and allow staff to spend more time on patient care. This paper evaluates a voice-enabled Care Home Smart Speaker…

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