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Due to the high stakes in medical decision-making, there is a compelling demand for interpretable deep learning methods in medical image analysis. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBM) have emerged as an active interpretable framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yibo Gao , Zheyao Gao , Xin Gao , Yuanye Liu , Bomin Wang , Xiahai Zhuang

Visual decoding from brain signals is a key challenge at the intersection of computer vision and neuroscience, requiring methods that bridge neural representations and computational models of vision. We introduce a tri-modal contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zexuan Chen , Sichao Liu , Runhao Lu , Huichao Qi , Alexandra Woolgar , Xi Vincent Wang , Lihui Wang

Aligning visual features with language embeddings is a key challenge in vision-language models (VLMs). The performance of such models hinges on having a good connector that maps visual features generated by a vision encoder to a shared…

Understanding how the brain represents visual information is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience and artificial intelligence. While AI-driven decoding of neural data has provided insights into the human visual system, integrating…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Dongyang Li , Haoyang Qin , Mingyang Wu , Chen Wei , Quanying Liu

Research efforts for visual decoding from fMRI signals have attracted considerable attention in research community. Still multi-subject fMRI decoding with one model has been considered intractable due to the drastic variations in fMRI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Inhwa Han , Jaayeon Lee , Jong Chul Ye

Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) provides accurate estimates of the brain's structural organization and learning invariant brain representations from sMRI is an enduring issue in neuroscience. Previous deep representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Ning Jiang , Gongshu Wang , Tianyi Yan

EEG-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have shown promise in various applications, such as motor imagery and cognitive state monitoring. However, decoding visual representations from EEG signals remains a significant challenge due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Tariq Mehmood , Hamza Ahmad , Muhammad Haroon Shakeel , Murtaza Taj

Reading comprehension, a fundamental cognitive ability essential for knowledge acquisition, is a complex skill, with a notable number of learners lacking proficiency in this domain. This study introduces innovative tasks for Brain-Computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yuhong Zhang , Shilai Yang , Gert Cauwenberghs , Tzyy-Ping Jung

Visual prostheses hold great promise for restoring vision in blind individuals. While researchers have successfully utilized M/EEG signals to evoke visual perceptions during the brain decoding stage of visual prostheses, the complementary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ganxi Xu , Zhao-Rong Lai , Yuting Tang , Yonghao Song , Guoxu Zhou , Boyu wang , Jian Zhu , Jinyi Long

Decoding visual-semantic information from brain signals, such as functional MRI (fMRI), across different subjects poses significant challenges, including low signal-to-noise ratio, limited data availability, and cross-subject variability.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Ruizhe Zheng , Lichao Sun

Brain activity translation into human language delivers the capability to revolutionize machine-human interaction while providing communication support to people with speech disability. Electronic decoding reaches a certain level of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Mostafa El Gedawy , Omnia Nabil , Omar Mamdouh , Mahmoud Nady , Nour Alhuda Adel , Ahmed Fares

We introduce MATEX (Multi-scale Attention and Text-guided Explainability), a novel framework that advances interpretability in medical vision-language models by incorporating anatomically informed spatial reasoning. MATEX synergistically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Muhammad Imran , Chi Lee , Yugyung Lee

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (LLMs) have led to significant progress in understanding, generation, and retrieval tasks. However, current solutions often treat these tasks in isolation or require training LLMs from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Teng Xiao , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang

Analyzing and reconstructing visual stimuli from brain signals effectively advances the understanding of human visual system. However, the EEG signals are complex and contain significant noise. This leads to substantial limitations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Honghao Fu , Zhiqi Shen , Jing Jih Chin , Hao Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant advances across numerous vision-language tasks. MLLMs have shown promising capability in aligning visual and textual modalities, allowing them to process image-text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Xiaolong Wang , Zhaolu Kang , Wangyuxuan Zhai , Xinyue Lou , Yunghwei Lai , Ziyue Wang , Yawen Wang , Kaiyu Huang , Yile Wang , Peng Li , Yang Liu

The connection between brain activity and corresponding visual stimuli is crucial in comprehending the human brain. While deep generative models have exhibited advancement in recovering brain recordings by generating images conditioned on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xuelin Qian , Yikai Wang , Yanwei Fu , Xinwei Sun , Xiangyang Xue , Jianfeng Feng

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding and generating content across various modalities, such as images and text. However, their interpretability remains a challenge, hindering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Loris Giulivi , Giacomo Boracchi

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in tasks like visual question answering and common sense reasoning, while visual perception models have made significant strides in perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Guanqun Wang , Xinyu Wei , Jiaming Liu , Ray Zhang , Yichi Zhang , Kevin Zhang , Maurice Chong , Shanghang Zhang

This paper presents a novel approach towards creating a foundational model for aligning neural data and visual stimuli across multimodal representationsof brain activity by leveraging contrastive learning. We used electroencephalography…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Matteo Ferrante , Tommaso Boccato , Grigorii Rashkov , Nicola Toschi

Understanding how the human brain represents visual concepts, and in which brain regions these representations are encoded, remains a long-standing challenge. Decades of work have advanced our understanding of visual representations, yet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Navve Wasserman , Matias Cosarinsky , Yuval Golbari , Aude Oliva , Antonio Torralba , Tamar Rott Shaham , Michal Irani