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The rapid advancement of pre-trained language models (PLMs) has demonstrated promising results for various code-related tasks. However, their effectiveness in detecting real-world vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge. While existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Youpeng Li , Weiliang Qi , Xuyu Wang , Fuxun Yu , Xinda Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising performance in software vulnerability detection, yet their reasoning capabilities remain unreliable. We propose R2Vul, a method that combines reinforcement learning from AI feedback (RLAIF)…

Instruction-following is a critical capability of Large Language Models (LLMs). While existing works primarily focus on assessing how well LLMs adhere to user instructions, they often overlook scenarios where instructions contain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xingwei He , Qianru Zhang , Pengfei Chen , Guanhua Chen , Linlin Yu , Yuan Yuan , Siu-Ming Yiu

Code vulnerability detection (CVD) is essential for addressing and preventing system security issues, playing a crucial role in ensuring software security. Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods rely on either fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Xuefeng Jiang , Lvhua Wu , Sheng Sun , Jia Li , Jingjing Xue , Yuwei Wang , Tingting Wu , Min Liu

The increasing prevalence of software vulnerabilities highlights the need for effective Automatic Vulnerability Repair (AVR) tools. While LLM-based approaches are promising, they struggle to incorporate structured security knowledge from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jia Li , Zhuangbin Chen , Yuxin Su , Michael R. Lyu

As software becomes increasingly complex and prone to vulnerabilities, automated vulnerability detection is critically important, yet challenging. Given the significant successes of large language models (LLMs) in various tasks, there is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Zeyu Gao , Hao Wang , Yuchen Zhou , Wenyu Zhu , Chao Zhang

Automated vulnerability detection is a fundamental task in software security, yet existing learning-based methods still struggle to capture the structural dependencies, domain-specific vulnerability knowledge, and complex program semantics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Wenxin Tang , Xiang Zhang , Junliang Liu , Jingyu Xiao , Xi Xiao , Jinlong Yang , Yuehe Ma , Zhenyu Liu , Zhengheng Li , Zicheng Wang , Wang Luo , Qing Li , Lei Wang , Peng Xiangli

We present VulStyle, a multi-modal software vulnerability detection model that jointly encodes function-level source code, non-terminal Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) structure, and code stylometry (CStyle) features. Prior work in code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Chidera Biringa , Ajmal Abbas , Vishnu Selvaraj , Gokhan Kul

The adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) for automated software vulnerability patching has shown promising outcomes on carefully curated evaluation sets. Nevertheless, existing datasets predominantly rely on superficial validation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Weizhe Wang , Wei Ma , Qiang Hu , Yao Zhang , Jianfei Sun , Bin Wu , Yang Liu , Guangquan Xu , Lingxiao Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in various tasks, including those requiring human-level intelligence, such as vulnerability detection. However, recent efforts to use LLMs for vulnerability detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuqiang Sun , Daoyuan Wu , Yue Xue , Han Liu , Wei Ma , Lyuye Zhang , Yang Liu , Yingjiu Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been suggested for use in automated vulnerability repair, but benchmarks showing they can consistently identify security-related bugs are lacking. We thus develop SecLLMHolmes, a fully automated evaluation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Saad Ullah , Mingji Han , Saurabh Pujar , Hammond Pearce , Ayse Coskun , Gianluca Stringhini

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong potential in vulnerability detection (VD). However, accurately detecting vulnerabilities in real-world repositories requires reasoning over complex contextual interactions. Existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Youpeng Li , Fuxun Yu , Weiliang Qi , Xinda Wang

Software vulnerabilities (SVs) pose a critical threat to safety-critical systems, driving the adoption of AI-based approaches such as machine learning and deep learning for software vulnerability detection. Despite promising results, most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Van Nguyen , Surya Nepal , Xingliang Yuan , Tingmin Wu , Fengchao Chen , Carsten Rudolph

Despite the effectiveness of vision-language supervised fine-tuning in enhancing the performance of Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs). However, existing visual instruction tuning datasets include the following limitations: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yangzhou Liu , Yue Cao , Zhangwei Gao , Weiyun Wang , Zhe Chen , Wenhai Wang , Hao Tian , Lewei Lu , Xizhou Zhu , Tong Lu , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Current vision large language models (VLLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities yet are prone to generate harmful content and are vulnerable to even the simplest jailbreaking attacks. Our initial analysis finds that this is due to the presence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yongshuo Zong , Ondrej Bohdal , Tingyang Yu , Yongxin Yang , Timothy Hospedales

Security vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent in modern software and they are widely consequential to our society. Various approaches to defending against these vulnerabilities have been proposed, among which those leveraging deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Yu Nong , Mohammed Aldeen , Long Cheng , Hongxin Hu , Feng Chen , Haipeng Cai

Large language models (LLMs) are now largely involved in software development workflows, and the code they generate routinely includes third-party library (TPL) imports annotated with specific version identifiers. These version choices can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Chengjie Wang , Jingzheng Wu , Xiang Ling , Tianyue Luo , Chen Zhao

The significant increase in software production driven by automation and faster development lifecycles has resulted in a corresponding surge in software vulnerabilities. In parallel, the evolving landscape of software vulnerability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yuejun Guo , Constantinos Patsakis , Qiang Hu , Qiang Tang , Fran Casino

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in instruction-following, becoming increasingly crucial across various applications. However, this capability brings with it the risk of prompt injection attacks, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Zekun Li , Baolin Peng , Pengcheng He , Xifeng Yan

Various deep learning-based approaches utilizing pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been proposed for automated vulnerability detection. With recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), several studies have begun exploring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Junji Yu , Dong Wang , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Junjie Chen , Yasutaka Kamei