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Hybrid encoding of quantum information is a promising approach towards the realisation of optical quantum protocols. It combines advantages of continuous variables encoding, such as high efficiencies, with those of discrete variables, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 G. Masse , T. Coudreau , A. Keller , P. Milman

In the era of Industry 4.0, precise indoor localization is vital for automation and efficiency in smart factories. Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are emerging as key enablers in 6G networks for joint sensing and communication.…

Conventional active array radars often jointly design the transmit and receive beamforming for effectively suppressing interferences. To further promote the interference suppression performance, this paper introduces a reconfigurable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-30 Shengyao Chen , Qi Feng , Longyao Ran , Feng Xi , Zhong Liu

A conceptual example is first analyzed to show that efficient wireless communications is possible, when user equipment (UE) receiver, BS transmitter or/and the scatter (reflector) in wireless channels employ the required channel state…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-19 Lie-Liang Yang

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a promising technology to enhance the performance of sixth-generation (6G) and beyond communication systems. The passive nature of RISs and their large number of reflecting elements…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Nipuni Ginige , Arthur Sousa de Sena , Nurul Huda Mahmood , Nandana Rajatheva , Matti Latva-aho

Current quantum neural networks suffer from extreme sensitivity to both adversarial perturbations and hardware noise, creating a significant barrier to real-world deployment. Existing robustness techniques typically sacrifice clean accuracy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Mohamed Afane , Quanjiang Long , Haoting Shen , Ying Mao , Junaid Farooq , Ying Wang , Juntao Chen

The transition toward 6G networks demands energy-efficient hardware capable of active interaction with the environment. Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a key technology for Integrated Sensing and Communications…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Sergio Micó-Rosa , Alvaro Villaescusa-Tebar , Saúl Fenollosa , Carlos Villena-Jiménez , Monika Drozdowska , Narcis Cardona

Given its ability to control and manipulate wireless environments, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), also known as intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), has emerged as a key enabler technology for the six-generation (6G) cellular…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-01 Ahmed Al-Hilo , Moataz Samir , Mohamed Elhattab , Chadi Assi , Sanaa Sharafeddine

In this paper, we analyze the performance of one- and two-sided amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulations in single-input single-output wireless communication aided by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Two scenarios are considered…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-03 Srijika Mukhopadhyay , Badri Ramanjaneya Reddy , Soumya P. Dash , George C. Alexandropoulos , Sonia Aissa

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been explored as a supportive technology for wireless communication since around 2019. While the literature highlights the potential of RIS in different modern applications, two key issues have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Daniel C. Alcantara , Daniel V. C. de Oliveira , Gilderlan T. de Araújo , Paulo R. B. Gomes , André L. F. de Almeida

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising candidate technology of the upcoming Sixth Generation (6G) communication system for its ability to provide unprecedented spectral and energy efficiency increment through passive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Haochen Li , Zhiwen Pan , Bin Wang , Nan Liu , Xiaohu You

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) multi-user MIMO systems are highly vulnerable to blockage, and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have been proposed as a remedy. However, RIS links may themselves be blocked, while most prior works assume…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Sehyun Ryu , Hyun Jong Yang

This letter considers the secure communication in a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided full duplex (FD) system. An FD base station (BS) serves an uplink (UL) user and a downlink (DL) user simultaneously over the same…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-27 Pengxin Guan , Yiru Wang , Yuping Zhao

Fighting against noise is crucial for NISQ devices to demonstrate practical quantum applications. In this work, we give a new paradigm of quantum error mitigation based on the vectorization of density matrices. Different from the ideas of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-22 Zhong-Xia Shang , Zi-Han Chen , Cai-Sheng Cheng

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology is a promising solution to improve the performance of existing wireless communications. To achieve its cost-effectiveness advantage, there inevitably exist certain hardware impairments in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Yiming Liu , Rui Wang , Zhu Han

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a transformative technology for electromagnetic (EM) wave manipulation, offering unprecedented control over wave reflections compared to traditional metallic reflectors. By utilizing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-11 Hossein Rezaei , Mehmet Emin Arslan , George Yammine , Niels Neumann , Norman Franchi

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication, has been considered widely as one of the revolutionary technologies for next generation networks. However, due to the novel propagation characteristics of RISs, underlying…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Jian Sang , Mingyong Zhou , Jifeng Lan , Boning Gao , Wankai Tang , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Ertugrul Basar , Cen Li , Qiang Cheng , Tie Jun Cui

Recently, a novel structures of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) integrating both passive and active elements, termed reconfigurable intelligent sensing surface (RISS), efficiently addresses challenges in RIS channel estimation and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-12 Cheng Luo , Jie Hu , Luping Xiang , Kun Yang

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging technology for wireless communications. In this paper, extensive system level simulations are conducted for analyzing the performance of multi-RIS and multi-base-station (BS)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yifei Yuan , Yuhong Huang , Xin Su , Boyang Duan , Nan Hu , Marco Di Renzo

Due to the development of communication technology and the rise of user network demand, a reasonable resource allocation for wireless networks is the key to guaranteeing regular operation and improving system performance. Various frequency…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Yuanyuan Qiao , Yong Niu , Zhu Han , Shiwen Mao , Ruisi He , Ning Wang , Zhangdui Zhong , Bo Ai