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Achieving near-term quantum advantage will require effective methods for mitigating hardware noise. Data-driven approaches to error mitigation are promising, with popular examples including zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford data…

To address the challenge posed by noise in real quantum devices, quantum error mitigation techniques play a crucial role. These techniques are resource-efficient, making them suitable for implementation in noisy intermediate-scale quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Jordi Pérez-Guijarro , Alba Pagès-Zamora , Javier R. Fonollosa

Error mitigation will play an important role in practical applications of near-term noisy quantum computers. Current error mitigation methods typically concentrate on correction quality at the expense of frugality (as measured by the number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-08 Piotr Czarnik , Michael McKerns , Andrew T. Sornborger , Lukasz Cincio

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is critical for harnessing the potential of near-term quantum devices. Particularly, QEM protocols can be designed based on machine learning, where the mapping between noisy computational outputs and ideal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 Ruiqi Zhang , Yuguo Shao , Fuchuan Wei , Song Cheng , Zhaohui Wei , Zhengwei Liu

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are often viewed as the best hope for near-term quantum advantage. However, recent studies have shown that noise can severely limit the trainability of VQAs, e.g., by exponentially flattening the cost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 Samson Wang , Piotr Czarnik , Andrew Arrasmith , M. Cerezo , Lukasz Cincio , Patrick J. Coles

We present an error mitigation strategy composed of Echo Verification (EV) and Clifford Data Regression (CDR), the combination of which allows one to learn the effect of the quantum noise channel to extract error mitigated estimates for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Tim Weaving , Alexis Ralli , Peter J. Love , Sauro Succi , Peter V. Coveney

Due to the numerous limitations of current quantum devices, quantum error mitigation methods become potential solutions for realizing practical quantum applications in the near term. Zero-Noise Extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford Data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Wenbo Shi , Neel Kanth Kundu , Robert Malaney

Error mitigation is likely to be key in obtaining near term quantum advantage. In this work we present one of the first implementations of several Clifford data regression based methods which are used to mitigate the effect of noise in real…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-23 Alejandro Sopena , Max Hunter Gordon , Germán Sierra , Esperanza López

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) provides a practical route for estimating reliable observables on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Traditional QEM strategies, including zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Huaxin Wang , Xinge Wu , Jiajun Liu , Ruiqing He , Jiandong Shang , Hengliang Guo , Qiang Chen

Achieving near-term quantum advantage will require accurate estimation of quantum observables despite significant hardware noise. For this purpose, we propose a novel, scalable error-mitigation method that applies to gate-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Piotr Czarnik , Andrew Arrasmith , Patrick J. Coles , Lukasz Cincio

Quantum computing technology has the potential to revolutionize the simulation of materials and molecules in the near future. A primary challenge in achieving near-term quantum advantage is effectively mitigating the noise effects inherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 Tao Jiang , John Rogers , Marius S. Frank , Ove Christiansen , Yong-Xin Yao , Nicola Lanatà

Error mitigation techniques are crucial to achieving near-term quantum advantage. Classical post-processing of quantum computation outcomes is a popular approach for error mitigation, which includes methods such as Zero Noise Extrapolation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Maksym Prodius , Piotr Czarnik , Michael McKerns , Andrew T. Sornborger , Lukasz Cincio

Noise in existing quantum processors only enables an approximation to ideal quantum computation. However, these approximations can be vastly improved by error mitigation, for the computation of expectation values, as shown by small-scale…

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) show potential for quantum advantage in the near term of quantum computing, but demand a level of accuracy that surpasses the current capabilities of NISQ devices. To systematically mitigate the impact…

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is vital for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. While most conventional QEM schemes assume discrete gate-based circuits with noise appearing either before or after each gate, the assumptions are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-12 Jinzhao Sun , Xiao Yuan , Takahiro Tsunoda , Vlatko Vedral , Simon C. Bejamin , Suguru Endo

Quantum error mitigation, a data processing technique for recovering the statistics of target processes from their noisy version, is a crucial task for near-term quantum technologies. Most existing methods require prior knowledge of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Manwen Liao , Yan Zhu , Giulio Chiribella , Yuxiang Yang

A widely used method for mitigating errors in noisy quantum computers is Richardson extrapolation, a technique in which the overall effect of noise on the estimation of quantum expectation values is captured by a single parameter that,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-23 Vincent Russo , Andrea Mari

Quantum error mitigation is regarded as a possible path to near-term quantum utility. The methods under the quantum error mitigation umbrella term, such as probabilistic error cancellation (PEC), zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) or Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Timon Scheiber , Paul Haubenwallner , Matthias Heller

Noise in quantum hardware remains the biggest roadblock for the implementation of quantum computers. To fight the noise in the practical application of near-term quantum computers, instead of relying on quantum error correction which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-14 Zhenyu Cai

Quantum simulations on current NISQ hardware are limited by its noisy nature, making efficient quantum error mitigation methods highly demanded. In this paper we introduce a novel mitigation scheme, applicable to arbitrary quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Theo Saporiti , Oleg Kaikov , Vasily Sazonov , Mohamed Tamaazousti
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