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Recent advances in legged locomotion learning are still dominated by the utilization of geometric representations of the environment, limiting the robot's capability to respond to higher-level semantics such as human instructions. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 I Made Aswin Nahrendra , Seunghyun Lee , Dongkyu Lee , Hyun Myung

Robot manipulation policies, while central to the promise of physical AI, are highly vulnerable in the presence of external variations in the real world. Diagnosing these vulnerabilities is hindered by two key challenges: (i) the relevant…

In this paper, we propose GTA-VLA(Guide, Think, Act), an interactive Vision-Language-Action (VLA) framework that enables spatially steerable embodied reasoning by allowing users to guide robot policies with explicit visual cues. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yiran Ling , Qing Lian , Jinghang Li , Qing Jiang , Tianming Zhang , Xiaoke Jiang , Chuanxiu Liu , Jie Liu , Lei Zhang

Although pre-trained language models encode generic knowledge beneficial for planning and control, they may fail to generate appropriate control policies for domain-specific tasks. Existing fine-tuning methods use human feedback to address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yunhao Yang , Neel P. Bhatt , Tyler Ingebrand , William Ward , Steven Carr , Zhangyang Wang , Ufuk Topcu

While recent advancements in robotic manipulation video synthesis have shown promise, significant challenges persist in ensuring effective instruction-following and achieving high visual quality. Recent methods, like RoboDreamer, utilize…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Ying Li , Xiaobao Wei , Xiaowei Chi , Yuming Li , Zhongyu Zhao , Hao Wang , Ningning Ma , Ming Lu , Shanghang Zhang

Robot control problems are often structured with a policy function that maps state values into control values, but in many dynamic problems the observed state can have a difficult to characterize relationship with useful policy actions. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Max Pflueger , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

Deep reinforcement learning has achieved impressive success in control tasks. However, its policies, represented as opaque neural networks, are often difficult for humans to understand, verify, and debug, which undermines trust and hinders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Qinglong Hu , Xialiang Tong , Mingxuan Yuan , Fei Liu , Zhichao Lu , Qingfu Zhang

Recently there has been a rising interest in training agents, embodied in virtual environments, to perform language-directed tasks by deep reinforcement learning. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective neural language grounding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Haonan Yu , Xiaochen Lian , Haichao Zhang , Wei Xu

This paper presents PRISM: an instruction-conditioned refinement method for imitation policies in robotic manipulation. This approach bridges Imitation Learning (IL) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) frameworks into a seamless pipeline, such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Arnau Boix-Granell , Alberto San-Miguel-Tello , Magí Dalmau-Moreno , Néstor García

Vision-language-action policies learn manipulation skills across tasks, environments and embodiments through large-scale pre-training. However, their ability to generalize to novel robot configurations remains limited. Most approaches…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Anzhe Chen , Yifei Yang , Zhenjie Zhu , Kechun Xu , Zhongxiang Zhou , Rong Xiong , Yue Wang

Foundation models trained on web-scale data have revolutionized robotics, but their application to low-level control remains largely limited to behavioral cloning. Drawing inspiration from the success of the reinforcement learning stage in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Seyed Kamyar Seyed Ghasemipour , Ayzaan Wahid , Jonathan Tompson , Pannag Sanketi , Igor Mordatch

With large language models, robots can understand language more flexibly and more capable than ever before. This survey reviews and situates recent literature into a spectrum with two poles: 1) mapping between language and some manually…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Vanya Cohen , Jason Xinyu Liu , Raymond Mooney , Stefanie Tellex , David Watkins

We focus on developing efficient and reliable policy optimization strategies for robot learning with real-world data. In recent years, policy gradient methods have emerged as a promising paradigm for training control policies in simulation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Tyler Westenbroek , Jacob Levy , David Fridovich-Keil

While the exploration for embodied AI has spanned multiple decades, it remains a persistent challenge to endow agents with human-level intelligence, including perception, learning, reasoning, decision-making, control, and generalization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Zhiyuan Xu , Kun Wu , Junjie Wen , Jinming Li , Ning Liu , Zhengping Che , Jian Tang

As robots are increasingly deployed in diverse application domains, enabling robust mobility across different embodiments has become a critical challenge. Classical mobility stacks, though effective on specific platforms, require extensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Wei Liu , Huihua Zhao , Chenran Li , Yuchen Deng , Joydeep Biswas , Soha Pouya , Yan Chang

Visual navigation models based on deep learning can learn effective policies when trained on large amounts of visual observations through reinforcement learning. Unfortunately, collecting the required experience in the real world requires…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Marco Rosano , Antonino Furnari , Luigi Gulino , Giovanni Maria Farinella

Recently developed pretrained models can encode rich world knowledge expressed in multiple modalities, such as text and images. However, the outputs of these models cannot be integrated into algorithms to solve sequential decision-making…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yunhao Yang , Cyrus Neary , Ufuk Topcu

It is challenging for humans -- particularly those living with physical disabilities -- to control high-dimensional, dexterous robots. Prior work explores learning embedding functions that map a human's low-dimensional inputs (e.g., via a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Siddharth Karamcheti , Albert J. Zhai , Dylan P. Losey , Dorsa Sadigh

We introduce ReWiND, a framework for learning robot manipulation tasks solely from language instructions without per-task demonstrations. Standard reinforcement learning (RL) and imitation learning methods require expert supervision through…

Our goal is for robots to follow natural language instructions like "put the towel next to the microwave." But getting large amounts of labeled data, i.e. data that contains demonstrations of tasks labeled with the language instruction, is…