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5G is destined to be supporting large deployment of Industrial IoT (IIoT) with the characteristics of ultra-high densification and low latency. 5G utilizes a more intelligent architecture, with Radio Access Networks (RANs) no longer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Sheng Sun , Morris Repeta , Mike Healy , Vish Nandall , Eddy Fung , Chris Thomas

Towards next generation communications, Energy Efficiency (EE) attracts lots of attentions nowadays. Some innovative techniques have been proposed in prior literatures, especially the sleep mechanism of base station (BS). Yet how to sleep…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-23 Di Zhang , Zhenyu Zhou , Takuro Sato

Future sixth-generation (6G) networks must evolve beyond high-speed data delivery to support intelligent, context-aware services. Emerging applications such as autonomous transportation, immersive extended reality, and large-scale sensing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ian F. Akyildiz , Tuğçe Bilen

Telecommunications and computer vision have evolved separately so far. Yet, with the shift to sub-terahertz (sub-THz) and terahertz (THz) radio communications, there is an opportunity to explore computer vision technologies together with…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Filipe B. Teixeira , Manuel Ricardo , André Coelho , Hélder P. Oliveira , Paula Viana , Nuno Paulino , Helder Fontes , Paulo Marques , Rui Campos , Luis M. Pessoa

The development of the sixth generation of communication networks (6G) has been gaining momentum over the past years, with a target of being introduced by 2030. Several initiatives worldwide are developing innovative solutions and setting…

Future communications systems will definitely be built on green infrastructures. To realize such a goal, recently a new network infrastructure named cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is proposed by China Mobile to enhance network coverage…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-07 Ang Yang , Zesong Fei , Chengwen Xing , Shaodan Ma , Jingming Kuang , Dalin Zhu , Ming Lei

Recent advances in intelligent network control have primarily relied on task-specific Artificial Intelligence (AI) models deployed separately within the Radio Access Network (RAN) and Core Network (CN). While effective for isolated models,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Youbin Han , Haneul Ko , Namseok Ko , Tarik Taleb , Yan Chen

This paper analyzes the functional requirements and architectural considerations for Integrated Sensing and Communication ( ISAC) in a 5G Open Radio Access Network (OpenRAN) environment, with emphasis on secure and modular deployment.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Daniel Lindenschmitt , Tobias Jung , Prudhvi Kumar Kakani , Torsten Reissland , Norman Franchi , Hans D. Schotten

Despite the programmable architecture of Open RAN, today's deployments still rely heavily on static control and manual operations. To move beyond this limitation, we introduce AgentRAN, an AI-native, Open RAN-aligned agentic framework that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Maxime Elkael , Salvatore D'Oro , Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Yunseong Lee , Koichiro Furueda , Tommaso Melodia

A fog computing based radio access network (F-RAN) is presented in this article as a promising paradigm for the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication system to provide high spectral and energy efficiency. The core idea is to take…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Mugen Peng , Shi Yan , Kecheng Zhang , Chonggang Wang

Fifth-generation (5G) communication, which has many more features than fourth-generation communication, will be officially launched very soon. A new paradigm of wireless communication, the sixth-generation (6G) system, with the full support…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury , Md. Shahjalal , Shakil Ahmed , Yeong Min Jang

Open RAN (ORAN, O-RAN) represents a novel industry-level standard for RAN (Radio Access Network), which defines interfaces that support inter-operation between vendors' equipment and offer network flexibility at a lower cost. Open RAN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Madhusanka Liyanage , An Braeken , Shahriar Shahabuddin , Pasika Ranaweera

The commencement of the sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks represents a fundamental shift in the integration of communication and sensing technologies to support next-generation applications. Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)…

Most of the indoor coverage issues arise from network deployments that are usually planned for outdoor scenarios. Moreover, the ever-growing number of devices with different Radio Access Technologies (RATs), expected for new 5G scenarios…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-31 A. Matera , V. Rampa , M. Donati , A. Colamonico , A. F. Cattoni , U. Spagnolini

The sixth-generation wireless communications (6G) is often labeled as "connected intelligence". Radio sensing, aligned with machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), promises, among other benefits, breakthroughs in the…

6G is the next-generation intelligent and integrated digital information infrastructure, characterized by ubiquitous interconnection, native intelligence, multi-dimensional perception, global coverage, green and low-carbon, native network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Ye Ouyang , Yaqin Zhang , Xiaozhou Ye , Yunxin Liu , Xidong Wang , Jie Sun , Yang Liu , Shoufeng Wang , Sen Bian , Yun Li

Various visions on the forthcoming sixth Generation (6G) networks point towards flexible connect-and-compute technologies to support future innovative services and the corresponding use cases. 6G should be capable to accommodate…

As wireless communication systems become more advanced, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) stand out as a notable framework that promotes interoperability and cost-effectiveness. An examination of the progression of RAN architectures, as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Mira Chandra Kirana , Patatchona Keyela , Fatemeh Rostamian , Deemah H. Tashman , Soumaya Cherkaoui

The radio access network (RAN) connects the users to the core networks, where typically digitised radio over fiber (D-RoF) links are employed. The data rate of the RAN is limited by the hardware constraints of the D-RoF-based backhaul and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-30 Yichuan Li , Qijie Xie , Mohammed El-Hajjar , Lajos Hanzo

Sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks are expected to support autonomous, immersive, and mission-critical services that require not only extreme data rates and ultra-low latency but also adaptive reasoning, cross-domain coordination, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ian F. Akyildiz , Tuğçe Bilen